Morphological, Biochemical and Molecular Characterization of Horse Gram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (LAM)] Genotypes
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Date
2017-06
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University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad
Abstract
The characterization of varieties for purity testing and identification has attained much importance in seed production programmes and the seed industry has been highly aided from the ability to assess cultivar purity and identity. The present study has been carried out to characterize twenty four horse gram genotypes through morphological and molecular techniques at the University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during kharif season of 2015 and the molecular characterization were carried out in the laboratory of Institute of Agri-Biotechnology.
Based on the seed coat colour and the biochemical tests carried out, the genotypes were grouped into four groups viz. brown, light brown, dark brown and black colour (PHG-04). In case of plant growth pattern, all the genotypes were spreading type of growth habit and indeterminate type of growth pattern and further, the variation could not be observed in case of raceme position and leaf pubescence. The wide variation was observed for various phenotypic and yield characteristics such as pod colour, number of pods per plant (123.07 - 233.67), pod initiation (49.8 - 70.67 days), pod length (3.97- 4.83 cm), number of seeds per pod (4.33 – 6.00), pod shattering, pod pubescence, pod curvature, pod maturity (82.73- 123.67 days) and seed yield (8.8- 20.57 g) among 24 horse gram genotypes and were grouped into different categories. The molecular data of 24 varieties using eleven primers revealed monomorphic bands suggesting low genetic diversity and high genetic kinship due to the autogamous nature of pulses.