Studies on seasonal influence of chip budding on bud success and growth of apple (Malus Domestica Borkh)cv. Royal Delicious
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Date
2006-07
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out at the G.B.P.U.A.& T., Hill Campus Ranichauri, Tehri Garhwal (U.A.) from March, 2005 to June, 2006. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with three replication and sixteen chip budding and one tongue grafting treatments. Budding was carried out in four seasons viz.; - spring, summer, autumn in 2005 and winter in 2006, while tongue grafting as control was done in the first week of March in both the years. Comparison at the end of November, 2005 was done in between tongue grafting, spring and summer budding, whereas data were recorded for winter, summer and autumn budding along with tongue grafting up to June end, 2006.
In 2005, tongue grafting gave maximum estimate of linear growth of scion (122.25 cm), girth of scion (0.996 cm), no. of nodes (47.40), root length (12.9 cm), fresh weight of shoot (41.81 g) and root (25.11 g), dry weight of shoot (16.94 g), while spring budding was superior in the girth of stock (1.127 cm), no. of leaves (44.80), total leaf area (1507 cm2), canopy spread (136.10 cm2) and dry weight of root (12.07 cm). However, maximum root: shoot ratio by length (0.121), fresh weight (1.057) and dry weight (1.165) was recorded in summer budded plants. In the year 2006, beheaded summer budded plants of 2005 gave the best response with maximum linear growth of scion (122.70 cm), no. of nodes (42.50), no. of leaves (46.13), total leaf area (1485 cm2), root length (13.15 cm), fresh weight of shoot (43.67 g ) and root (23.39 cm), dry weight of shoot (19.26 g) and root (13.83 g), whereas autumn budding gave higher girth of scion (0.942 cm), stock (1.207 cm), canopy spread (116.60 cm2). The root: shoot ratio was maximum in winter budded plants by length (0.286), and fresh weight (1.117) and dry weight (1.236). Further, the overall comparison for days to sprout, per cent bud take and percentage of saleable plants showed minimum days taken by summer budded plants (23.67 days) and highest per cent bud take in the tongue grafting of 2005 (96.66%) which also recorded the maximum percentage of saleable plants (84.68%), closely followed by autumn budding (76.03%) at the end of June, 2006.
Based on the overall performance, tongue grafting and chip budding in spring season performed the best, but chip budding can prove as a good alternative, especially if carried out in summer and autumn season, however, it will take about one and a half year to get the plants ready for sale.
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