GENETIC AND TISSUE CULTURE STUDIES IN HELICONIA (Heliconia spp.)
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Date
2010-07-15
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore
Abstract
Heliconia is one of the emerging speciality cut flower crops having a great
potential scope in both domestic and international market. Keeping this in view the
present investigation was carried out on “Genetic and tissue culture studies in
Heliconia (Heliconia spp.)”. Among 18 cultivars, Kawawuchi performed well for all vegetative parameters viz, plant height (302.50cm), leaf length (166.25 cm), leaf width (33.97 cm), leaves per sucker (6.30) and leaves per sq.m (159.82). Flowering parameters like maximum spike length (74.47 cm) and stalk length (79.95 cm) recorded in Guyana.
Maximum bract length (27.60), number of bracts (17.65) and number of flowers per
bract (16.10) recorded by Peddro Outiz, Pendent and Golden Torch respectively.
The PCV and GCV were recorded high for spike length and number of bracts
and narrow difference were recorded for all characters, indicating wide range of
genetic variability and improvement of these characters through selection. High
heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent over mean were observed
for all characters except leaf width and leaves per sucker. Maximum percentage
contribution for genetic divergence was by leaf length, followed by inflorescence
length and number of bracts. Terminal buds are best explant source for in vitro multiplication of Heliconia psittacorum cv. Golden Torch with highest initiation of shoot bud growth (83%) with a survival rate of (28%) on MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/l BAP and 0.1 mg/l IAA. A combination of BAP 7 mg/l + IBA 0.5 mg/l found best for shoot tip
establishment showing highest shoot length, multiple shoot induction and
leaves/explant (48.37 mm, 1.12 and 3.12 respectively) in 45-50 days. Rooting of
individual shoots was best achieved on MS medium containing IBA (2.5 mg/l) with
the induction of higher number of roots (3.5 cm) and maximum root length
(4.71cm).
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