RESPONSE OF DIRECT SEEDED RICE TO BROWN MANURING
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Date
2019
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ACHARYA N G RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, GUNTUR
Abstract
An experiment was carried out during kharif, 2018 at the Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla, to study the “Response of direct seeded rice to brown manuring”. The soil of experimental site was sandy clay loam in texture, neutral in reaction, low in available nitrogen, medium in available phosphorus and medium in available potassium.
The experiment was laid out in randomised block design with factorial concept replicated thrice. First factor consisted of two sources of brown manuring i.e., Sesbania aculeata, Crotalaria juncea and Control i.e., no brown manuring. Second factor included four levels of nitrogen i.e., 0 kg ha-1, 40 kg ha-1, 80 kg ha-1, 120 kg ha-1.
The growth parameters of rice such as plant height, no. of tillers m-2 and drymatter accumulation were significantly influenced by brown manuring and levels of nitrogen at all the stages of observation. Plant height and drymatter production increased linearly with advancement of crop growth. Tiller number increased linearly from 30 to 90 DAS under brown manuring and nitrogen levels as well. Plant height, number of tillers, drymatter production and leaf area index were the highest with Sesbania aculeata brown manuring compared to other treatments. Among the different levels of nitrogen tried, taller plants, more number of tillers, greater drymatter production and higher leaf area index were obtained with application of 120 kg N ha-1 followed by 80 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg N ha-1 at all stages of crop growth.
The crop with Sesbania aculeata as brown manuring took more number of days to flowering and maturity than the crop without brown manuring. The number of days to 50% flowering and days to maturity increased gradually with increasing levels of nitrogen.
At all the stages of growth, CGR was significantly higher with Sesbania aculeata as brown manuring when compared to control plots without brown manuring and found to be on a par with Crotalaria juncea brown manured plot. Among the levels of nitrogen tried, higher CGR was recorded with application of 120 kg N ha-1 at all stages.
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Yield components were also significantly influenced by brown manuring and levels of nitrogen. Among the different sources of brown manuring tested, yield attributes like number of productive tillers m-2, total number of grains panicle-1 and number of filled grains panicle-1 were higher in plots treated with Sesbania aculeata as brown manuring. All the yield attributes were higher in crop supplied with 120 kg N ha-1 followed by 80 kg ha-1 and least in the control plots. The test weight was only influenced by nitrogen levels.
Brown manuring and nitrogen levels significantly influenced the grain yield, straw yield but not the harvest index. Plots treated with Sesbania aculeata as brown manuring recorded higher grain yield and straw yield. It was found to be on a par with the plots receiving Crotalaria juncea as brown manuring. Among the different levels of nitrogen tried, application of nitrogen @ 120 kg ha-1 recorded higher grain yield and straw yield as well. The harvest index was not influenced by both the brown manuring and nitrogen levels.
Gross returns, net returns and return per rupee invested were higher in the plots with Sesbania aculeata as brown manuring. It was found to be on par with Crotalaria juncea treated plots. Higher gross returns, net returns were recorded in the plots treated with 120 kg N ha-1. However, the returns per rupee invested was higher with 120 kg ha1 but found to be on a par with the plots supplied with 80 kg N ha-1.
From the present investigation, it can be concluded that brown manuring with Sesbania or Crotalaria performed better in giving the maximum yield, net returns and returns per rupee investment. Application of nitrogen @120 kg ha-1 was found to be better, resulting in higher productivity and better economic returns under direct seeding condition
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D5898
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