Assessment of quality and yield parameters in Katarni rice derived lines under different photoperiods
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Date
2023
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Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, BAU, Sabour
Abstract
Rice is one of the major staple foods for more than 60% of the world population in general and South-East Asian people, in particular. However, very few high yielding non-basmati aromatic semi-dwarf rice varieties are available for cultivation. Katarni rice is traditional rice which is native of Bihar and extensively grown in few blocks of districts of Bhagalpur, Munger and Banka. This rice has a unique aroma with medium slender grain but it suffers from lodging problem due to weak culm and tall height (150-170 cm) which results in its low yielding (25-30 Q/ha) ability. Simultaneously, it is photosensitive with longer maturity period of 150-155 days. Hence in order to enhance its Farmers adoption a high yielding semi-dwarf and early maturing aromatic lines of Katarni is needed.To reduce the height and maturity period, a marker assisted backcrossing and forward breeding programme was initiated at Rice Section, BAU Sabour by crossing Katarni with two semi-dwarf and medium maturing rice varieties namely Rajendra Sweta, IR64 and MTU7029.Present study was undertaken to assess the genetic variability among the 54selected advanced breeding lines of Katarni along with parental checks i.e. Katarni, R. Sweta, IR64, MTU7029, Sabour Surbhit and Rajendra Suwasini at four different date of sowing in two years i.e. 2018 (DOS 1: 15-6-2018) and 2019 (DOS2: 29-5-2019, DOS3: 15-6-2019 and DOS4: 15-7-2019). In a trial conducted in Alpha Lattice (Incomplete Block Design), the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed highly significant differences for all the traits among all the genotypes studied. Grain yield per plant had positive non-significant correlation with days of 50 % flowering in all three trials except for the DOS-4. Plant height had a negative and non-significant correlation with grain yield in all the trails. The pooled analysis of Amylose content at DOS-1 and DOS-3 revealed that nine genotypes had low amylose content (24 %). The pooled analysis of ASV at DOS-1 and DOS-3 revealed that ten genotypes had ASV score between 1-2, 17 genotypes had ASV score between 2-3, 17 genotypes has ASV score between 4-5 and 10 genotypes had ASV score between 6-7. Maximum positive correlation with grain yield has been showed by number of tiller per plant in all the four trials. In DOS-1 and DOS-4, length/breadth ratio and ASV, whereas in DOS-2 and DOS-3 number of tillers per plant and 1000 grain weight showed highest direct effect on yield per plant. Trait linked SSR markers used had showed considerable polymorphism among the genotypes. The gene specific primers for heading date (Hd3A), semi-dwarf (sd1) and fragrance (badh2) also explained variation among the genotypes. Genotypes KRS-20, KRS 37, KRS-15 and KRS-16 can be exploited in breeding programme to obtain high yield genotypes as these genotypes showed high per se performance for yield per plant and number of tillers per plant under all four date of sowing.