Genetic variation for key enzymes involved in nitrogen uptake in American cotton
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Date
2018
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate genetic variation for nitrogen uptake
enzymes and to analyze the impact of varied nitrogen levels (0%, 50% and 100% N of RDF)
on seed cotton yield, lint yield, and fibre properties of forty nine Gossypium hirsutum
genotypes. The enzymes involved in N uptake (nitrate and nitrite reductase) were assayed for
Bathinda, at pre-anthesis and post-anthesis stages for each genotype at each nitrogen levels
along with chlorophyll and nitrogen content in leaves. The field evaluation of the plant
material was undertaken in partially balanced lattice design (7 x 7) with two replications at
Ludhiana and Bathinda. Mean squares for genotypes, locations, nitrogen level and genotype x
environment, genotype x nitrogen level, genotype x location x interaction were significant for
all the characters except for genotype mean squares for fibre fineness. The results suggested
existence of substantial genetic variability in the experimental plant material, considerable
differences among the locations, and profound effect on the expression of seed cotton yield,
its components and fibre quality traits. Genotypes namely LH 900 and F 846 appeared to be
promising as it recorded numerically higher enzyme activity at low nitrogen level (0% and
50% N) as compared to recommended dose of nitrogen. Higher enzyme activity of these
genotypes at low N dose probably indicates their higher uptake as well as utilization
efficiency over other genotypes It also recorded higher values for the yield as well as fibre
component traits such as seed cotton yield plant-1, lint yield plant-1, boll weight, ginning out
turn, 2.5% span length, and fibre strength. NR enzyme had positive and significant effect on
NIR, N content, chlorophyll content, seed cotton yield and lint yield per plant. NIR enzyme
showed positive significant effect on chlorophyll content. N content had positive effect on
chlorophyll content and seed cotton yield. F846 and LH900 overall performed well as these
genotypes were among the best for enzyme activity as well as for yield traits. These
genotypes hold future potential for developing new cultivars with improved NUE.
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