Effects of sequential and combined application of tank mix herbicides on weed dynamics and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.)
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Date
2022-09
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. PIN - 263145
Abstract
In India maize is mainly grown in kharif season in which rainfall and higher relative humidity render suitable conditions for weed growth. Although hand weeding renders better results but involve cost and labour simultaneously which makes it economically non-viable. Because of cost effective, saving labour and time, use of herbicides become necessary. Thus, to maintain a balance one or more efficient herbicides is tank mixed for excellent weed management strategy. Therefore, an experiment was conducted in kharif season 2021 at G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar to find out herbicide combination, their dose and application time. The soil of the experimental site was sandy loam in texture, neutral in reaction (pH 7.7), high in soil organic carbon (0.88%), low in available N (253.1 kg/ha), medium in both available soil phosphorus (16.6 kg/ha) and potassium (164.0 kg/ha). Nine treatments viz., weedy, weed free, Atrazine @ 1 kg a.i./ha PE fb hand weeding , Atrazine @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha PE fb Post E Topramezone @ 25.2 g a.i./ha , Atrazine @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha PE fb Post E Tembotrione @ 120 g a.i./ha , Atrazine @ 1.0 kg a.i./ha PE fb Post E Topramezone @ 25.2 g a.i./ha, Atrazine @ 1.0 kg a.i./ha PE fb Post E Tembotrione @ 120 g a.i./ha, Topramezone @ 25.2 g a.i./ha + Atrazine @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha Early Post E and Tembotrione @ 120 g a.i./ha +Atrazine @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha Early Post E were tested in RBD with three replications.
Eleusine indica, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinochloa colona and Eragrostis japonica were dominant among grassy weeds. Broad leaf weeds were Phyllanthus niruri, Commelina benghalensis, Cucumis melo and Cleome viscosa. Cyperus rotundus was only sedge. Eleusine indica was the major dominating weed which infested the crop at almost all stages of the crop which accounted for 35.4, 28.5 and 33.3% to the total weed population in weedy crop at 40 DAS, 50 DAS and at harvest, respectively.
The results indicated that all herbicide treatments either in combination or tank mix were effective in reducing weed dry matter and were at par with weed free treatment. The highest grain yield (7202 kg/ha) was obtained in weed free treatment which was statistically at par with all herbicide treatments. Results indicated that single application of atrazine @ 0.75 kg a.i. along with either tembotrione 120 g a.i. or topramezone 25.2 g a.i./ha at 15 DAS is helpful in reducing weed growth and reduction in herbicide dose.