ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY CONTROL PROCESS IN PROCUREMENT OF MILK: A CASE OF FPO OWNED DAIRY.
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Date
2022-12-22
Authors
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Publisher
Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur
Abstract
The present study “Assessment of Quality Control Process in
Procurement of Milk: A Case of FPO Owned Dairy” has been taken up with
the objectives viz., to assess the quality control practices followed at farmers
level, at milk pooling points and at bulk milk chilling centres during milk
procurement. Shreeja Mahila Milk Producer Company Limited dairy in
Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh state was selected purposively as it is the
only Farmer Producer Organization (FPO) owned milk producer company in
South India. The present study was under taken in Chittoor district of Andhra
Pradesh in view of presence of highest milk procuring bulk milk chilling
center units in the district. From the selected bulk milk chilling centre (BMC)
fifteen milk pooling points (MPP) were selected based on the highest quantity
of milk received from farmers. From the registered milk pourers of each MPP
eight dairy farmers have been chosen randomly and made the total sample
size to 120. Primary data was collected from sample farmers using a welldefined
schedule through personal interview. The data collected was analyzed
to attain the stated objectives by using frequencies and percentages, likert’s
scale and construction indices.
The study on farmers revealed that majority of the sample farmers were
belonged to age between 30-40 years and most of the sample farmers were
educated up to 10th standard. Majority of sample farmer’s primary occupation
was dairying and secondary occupation was agricultural labor. The
operational landholding data revealed that majority of farmers were marginal
farmers. The net income level showed that most of farmers were earning
between Rs.50,000 to Rs.75,000 per year. Herd size data showed that greater
percentage of farmers were maintaining medium herd. Further dairying
experience data revealed that majority of farmers had dairying experience
between 11 years to 20 years.
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Awareness of sample farmers on practicing of quality control practices
during milking was high only among 37.5 per cent of sample farmers while
around 62.5 per cent of their awareness levels lies between low to moderate.
Awareness levels of sample farmers on practicing of quality control practices
during milk storing was low in 51 per cent while around 49 per cent lies
between high to moderate. Awareness of sample farmers on practicing of
quality control practices during milk pouring at MPP was high in 43 per cent
while around 57 per cent lies between moderate to low. Perception on
important factors effecting spoilage of milk during milk collection was
moderate sensitivity in 43 per cent while around 57 per cent lies between high
to low. Awareness on role of quality and quantity in relation to profit was high
in 52 per cent while around 48 per cent lies between moderate to low.
Farmer’s opinion towards quality control practices by FPO during milk
collection was moderate in 50 per cent while around 50 per cent lies between
high to low.
Among 15 MPPS, 47 per cent of MPPs sometimes cleaned and dried
equipment and cans well before milk collection, 33 per cent of MPPs often
sampled milk from every farmer, 40 per cent of MPPs often tested each
collected milk sample, 47 per cent of MPPs often transported milk within one
hour of collection to BMC, while 53 per cent of MPPs rarely cleaned
equipment immediately after milk collection and 70 per cent of MPPs never
arranged insect traps at MPP. The observed FPO’s BMC unit followed all
NDDB standards except opening and closing timings for milk collection as a
result preparation time is reduced hindering the efficiency of milk collection
process and in running the BMC unit in auto mode due to this delay in manual
cut off the milk is being crystallized. The selected BMC centre follows “Must
have practices” and “Must not have” practices. It is recommended to
implement “Good to have” practices such as cleaning of milk cans with hot
water, checking the time of the can arrival and temperature of the can,
organoleptic testing of milk from each milk can received, proper handling of
milk can, usage of housefly and insect traps, mobile application with Qr code
or Bar code for reporting and tracking, and surveillance cameras to monitor
activities which would set new industry standards, achieve high quality milk
and lead to control on over all procurement quality control practices. It may
also implement “Optional to have” practices like separate space to keep
chemicals, live temperature and time tracking, using of IRDF or GPS tags,
computerization of the activities which would lead to setting industry bench
mark, highest quality milk and lead to highest control on over all procurement
quality control practices.
The results emphasize the need for training programs, result oriented
demonstration, role plays, and posters display to be conducted on regular basis
to increase awareness for adopting appropriate quality control practices such
as maintain animal health record, usage of separate towel for drying teat,
precautions to avoid vector contamination, avoid practicing of mastitis cow
milking, sieve usage for filtration, usage of food grade material cans for
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storing and carrying. The outcomes on awareness on role of quality and
quantity in relation to profit emphasize the need to stress about the fact that
good fat percentage with less milk volume would be more profitable than high
milk volume with less fat percentage during various meetings and wall
painting of quotes in vernacular language to bring awareness the among
farmers.
The emphasis on increasing awareness on collective responsibility
among the FPO member can be achieved through including team building
activities, pledges, slogans during various events, trainings, and general body
meetings. To create the awareness about quality control practices to be
followed at MPP among MPP operators training programs need to be
conducted emphasizing all quality control practices. Introduction of check list
method would be more effective to sustain the quality control practices. A
check list painted on wall for daily use would act as a reminder for the MPP
operators.
Description
ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY CONTROL
PROCESS IN PROCUREMENT OF MILK:
A CASE OF FPO OWNED DAIRY.