Baseline susceptibility and compatibility of pesticides against spodoptera litura (fabricius) and plutella xylostella (linnaeus) in cabbage and their safety to beneficial insects
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Date
2013
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UAS Dharwad
Abstract
Susceptible laboratory strains of Spodoptera litura and Plutella xylostella were used
to establish baseline susceptibility for seven insecticides, median lethal concentration of the
tested insecticides varied from 0.016 to 62.25 ppm for S. litura. Chlorantraniliprole (0.016
ppm) was highly toxic while lambda-cyhalothrin (62.25 ppm) and spinosad (62.15 ppm) were
least toxic. Emamectin benzoate was highly toxic (0.009 ppm) and lambda-cyhalothrin (10.22
ppm) was least toxic to susceptible strain of P. xylostella. Hirebagewadi population of S.
litura exhibited greater levels of resistance to the tested insecticides followed by Garag and
Madihal populations. Irrespective of insecticides, P. xylostella from Kolar population
recorded higher level of resistance followed by Bengaluru and Dharwad population.
Endosulfan proved to be safer to Trichogramma chilonis, followed by chlorantraniliprole.
Spinosad recorded least mortality to the grubs of Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (50.00%) in
diet contamination method. Grub mortality of C. z. sillemi ranged from 0.00 to 93.33% at 48
h after treatment in contact residual toxicity method. Emamectin benzoate was highly safer
with 13.33 % mortality to adults of C. z. sillemi. All the insecticides tested were toxic to
adults of Oomyzus sokolowskii. Endosulfan (46.67%) was relatively safer to Apis cerena
followed by Chlorfenapyr (60.74%). Chlorfenapyr was highly safer to Bombyx mori and
Samia cynthia ricini. The combination of emamectin benzoate+hexaconazole was more
effective in suppressing both lepidopteran pests and Alternaria leaf spot on cabbage.
Pesticides at field recommended doses showed no phytotoxicity injury on cabbage crop.
Indoxacarb and flubendiamide persisted for longer time (21 days) against S. litura while
flubendiamide and chlorantraniliprole against P. xylostella persisted for a longer period of 28
days compared to all other tested insecticides.