SEASONAL INCIDENCE, FERTILIZER EFFECT AND MANAGEMENT OF SUCKING PEST COMPLEX IN SUMMER SESAME 2908
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Date
2019-07
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JAU, JUNAGADH
Abstract
Investigations were carried out on seasonal incidence, fertilizer effect and
management of sucking pest complex in summer sesame at Instructional Farm,
College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh during 2018.
Incidence of thrips, Thrips tabaci, jassid, Orosius albicinctus, whitefly
Bemisia tabaci and aphid, Aphis gossypii was recorded standard week wise
throughout the course of investigation. Thrips population commenced from the 10th
SMW and its peak population (6.82 /3 leaves) was recorded in the 13th SMW.
Relationship between thrips and weather factors indicated significant positive
correlation with maximum temperature (r = 0.681). However, the whitefly population
showed non significant positive correlation with minimum temperature (r = 0.219)
and non significant negative correlation with bright sunshine hours (r = -0.448),
evening relative humidity (r = -0.366), wind velocity (r = -0.290) and morning
relative humidity (r = -0.253). Jassid population commenced from the 11th SMW. The
population of the jassid increased chronologically and reached the peak population
(6.10 /3 leaves) in the 15th SMW. Relationship between jassid and weather factors
indicated that there was highly significant positive correlation between jassid and
maximum temperature (r = 0.812**). While, jassid having significant positive
correlation with minimum temperature (r = 669*). Jassid having non significant
positive correlation with morning relative humidity (r = 0.156) and wind velocity (r =
0.057). Bright sunshine hours (r = -0.278) and evening relative humidity (r = -0.118)
have non significant negative correlation with jassid. Whitefly population initiated
from the 10th SMW. The peak population of whitefly (6.70 /3 leaves) recorded in the
13th SMW. The correlation matrix indicated that the population of whitefly exhibited
the significant positive correlation with maximum temperature (r = 0.676*). While,
whitefly having non significant positive correlation with minimum temperature (r =
0.196). Evening relative humidity (r = -0.497), wind velocity (r = -0.334), morning
relative humidity (r = -0.331) and bright sunshine hours (r = -0.330) were negatively
correlated with whitefly population. Aphid population commenced from the 11th
SMW. The highest population of aphid (2.44 aphid index /plant) reported in the 15thAbstract
SMW. Relationship between aphid and weather factors indicated that there was
significant negative correlation between aphid population and bright sunshine hours (r
= -0.714*). While, aphid having non-significant positive correlation with maximum
temperature (r = 0.399) and minimum temperature (r = 0.060). Wind velocity (r = -
0.377), evening relative humidity (r = -0.325) and morning relative humidity (r = -
0.131) have non significant negative correlation with aphid.
Sucking pest (thrips, jassid, whitefly and aphid) incidence was increased with
increasing level of nitrogen fertilizer and decreasing level of phosphorus. Lower level
of nitrogen (25 kg N /ha) and higher level of phosphorus (40 kg P2O5 /ha) recorded
significantly less incidence of sucking pest. While, higher level of nitrogen (75 kg N
/ha) and lower level of phosphorus (10 Kg P2O5 /ha) recorded significantly more
incidence of sucking pest. The population of sucking pest positively correlated with
level of nitrogen fertilizer and negatively correlated with level of phosphorus
fertilizer. Yield of sesame positively correlated with both level of nitrogen and
phosphorus fertilizer. Interaction effect of nitrogen and phosphorus was non
significantly affecting the sucking pest population.
Treatment spinosad 45 SC @ 0.0135 per cent and fipronil 5 SC @ 0.01 per
cent were found most effective for control of thrips. Treatment dinetofuran 20 SG @
0.008 per cent, acetamiprid 20 SP @ 0.008 per cent and imidacloprid 17.8 SL @
0.005 per cent were found most effective against jassid. Treatment diafenthiuron 50
WP @ 0.05 per cent and spiromesifen 240 SC @ 0.24 per cent were found superior in
management of whitefly. Treatment flonicamid 50 WG @ 0.015 per cent and
imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.005 per cent were found highly effective in reducing aphid
population. The highest yield 900 kg /ha obtained from the plot treated with
dinetofuran 20 SG @ 0.008 per cent which was statistically at par with fipronil 5 SC
@ 0.01 per cent, diafenthiuron 50 WP @ 0.05 per cent and flonicamid 50 WG @
0.015 per cent with 876.39 kg /ha, 861.08 kg /ha and 840.65 kg /ha respectively.
Maximum yield loss could be avoided with dinetofuran 20 SG @ 0.008 per cent
(90.53 %), fipronil 5 SC @ 0.01 per cent (85.53 %), diafenthiuron 50 WP @ 0.05 per
cent (82.29 %) and flonicamid 50 WG @ 0.015 per cent (77.96 %).
The highest (47038.88 Rs. /ha) net realization was obtained in the treatment
dinetofuran 20 SG @ 0.008 per cent followed by fipronil 5 SC @ 0.01 per cent
(44441.66 Rs. /ha), diafenthiuron 50 WP @ 0.05 per cent (42757.53 Rs. /ha),
flonicamid 50 WG @ 0.015 per cent (40510.18 Rs. /ha). The application of
acetamiprid 20 SP @ 0.008 per cent (1:21.44) proved to be the most economically
viable treatment While, imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.005 per cent (1:17.22) and
dinetofuran 20 SG @ 0.008 per cent (1:13.83) emerged as second and third treatment
respectively in term of economics.