Studies on stem rot (Sclerotinia trifoliorum erikss.) of Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.)
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Date
2008
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
An abstract of the thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of M.Sc. (Ag.) in Plant Pathology of the CCS Haryana Agricultural University,
Hisar).
Present investigations were undertaken to find out the viability of sclerotia of
Sclerotinia trifoliorum Erikss. and management of stem rot through cultural practices, varietal resistance, bio-agents and organic amendments. Viability of sclerotia
(germination percentage) was found reduced with the increase in soil depth and duration
of burial both under screen house and field conditions. None of the sclerotia germinated
when placed below 5 cm for six months in comparison to 82.5 per cent germination at 7.5
cm depth after one month of burial in soil under field condition. Early sowing of Egyptian
clover i.e. in the first week of Oct resulted in the higher disease incidence (62.5 %) lowest
green fodder (278.7 q/ha) and seed yield (0.96 q/ha) as compared to the normal and late
sown crop. Growing maize as preceding Kharif crop significantly reduced stem rot
incidence by 46.7 per cent and increased green fodder and seed yield by 52.2 and 47.5 per
cent respectively as compared to fallow treatment. Planting sorghum and pearl millet as
preceding kharif crops also significantly reduced stem rot incidence and increased the
yield parameters in Egyptian clover. Two indigenous Egyptian clover genotypes viz., HFB
700 and IB-1 showed resistant reaction (<5 % disease incidence) while five indigenous
viz., HFB 119, HFB 100-1, HFB 33, HFB 4-9 and HB-1 and two exotic genotypes viz. EC
253482 and EC 253484 showed moderately resistant reaction (<10% disease incidence).
Soil application of Trichoderma viride (4 kg) mixed along with FYM (60 kg/ha) before
sowing significantly reduced the stem rot incidence by 46.3 per cent and increased the
green fodder and seed yield by 43.6 and 53.6 per cent respectively as compared to control.
Seed treatment with carbendazim (2 gm/kg) and salicylic acid solution (0.02%) both for
seed soaking and spray significantly reduced the stem rot incidence and increased the
green fodder and seed yield over control respectively.
Description
Keywords
Diseases, Fungi, Sowing, Planting, Berseem, Biological phenomena, Crops, Land resources, Yields, Harvesting