Evaluation of hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential of Platycladus orientalis in paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats
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Date
2019-07
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Hepatotoxicity refers to chemical or drug driven hepatic injury in man and animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential of hydroethanolic extract of (HEPO) Platycladus orientalis following oral administration @ 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg b.wt. in paracetamol @500mg/kg b.wt treated rats and also comparing its efficacy with standard hepatoprotective drug silymarin @ 100mg/kg b.wt for 21days. The phytochemical analysis of leaf extract of hydroethanolic extract of Platycladus orientalis revealed 11% yield and the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, sugars, glycosides, proteins and saponins. Thirty rats were equally divided into 5 groups with 6 rats in each group. Group I served as control, group II rats were administered with PCM, group III with PCM @ 500mg/ kg b. wt. plus silymarin @100 mg/kg, group IV with PCM @ 500mg/ kg b. wt. plus HEPO @ 200mg/kg and group V with PCM @ 500mg/ kg b wt. plus
HEPO @ 400mg/kg b. wt. for 21 days . There was no noticeable change in the appearance, behaviour and body weight in rats of all groups after 21 days. Paracetamol caused significant (P<0.5) reduction in Hb, PCV, TEC and TLC as compared to control group. HEPO group IV and group V showed significant (P<0.5) increase in these parameters in dose dependent manner. A significant (P<0.05) decline in total protein, albumin and globulin was observed in group II as compared to control. HEPO treated groups IV and V showed significant (P<0.05) amelioration in the level of total proteins as compared to group II and at par with silymarin. A significant (P<0.05) increase in values of triglycerides, cholesterol, creatinine, BUN, AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin was observed in paracetamol treated group II, which were restored by HEPO towards normal. A significant (P<0.05) decline in RBC and tissue GSH, SOD and catalase activity and a significant (P<0.05) increase in LPO were observed in paracetamol treated group as compared to control. HEPO showed amelioration in dose dependent manner indicating potent antioxidant effect of HEPO following 21 days oral administration in rats. This was also supported by in vitro DPPH and ABST free radical scavenging activity of HEPO. Histopathological changes in paracetamol treated groups were characterized by severe degree of congestion of central vein and sinusoids, severe degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes. In spleen, severe lymphoid depletion and loss of lymphocytes in area of pariarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS) was evident. In heart, fragmentation of muscles fiber bundle and necrosis of cardiomyocytes and in kidney, severe congestion of blood vessel,
haemorrhage and fragmentation and complete loss of glomeruli, necrosis of renal tubular epithelial cells were observed in paracetamol treated group which were ameliorated by treatment with HEPO in a dose dependent manner after 21 days in rats. Thus, it is concluded from the present study that hydroethanolic extracts of P. orientalis (HEPO) at daily oral dose @ 200 & 400 mg/ kg b. wt. produced hepatoprotective
and antioxidant potential against paracetamol daily oral dose @ 500 mg/kg b. wt. induced hepatotoxicity toxicity after 21 days treatment in rats.
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