INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN YELLOW SARSON - GREENGRAM CROPPING SYSTEM UNDER RAINFED CONDITION
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Date
2016
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Abstract
A field experiment entitled “Integrated nutrient management in yellow
sarson - greengram cropping system under rainfed condition” was carried out at the
Instructional-cum-Research farm of Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat during two
consecutive rabi (Oct-Feb) followed by summer (Feb-May) seasons of the year 2017-
2018 and 2018-2019. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design for first
crop and split plot design for second crop with three replications. The eight INM
practices viz., 100% RDF (60-30-30 kg/ha N-P2O5-K2O) (Y1), 100% RDF + biofertilizer
consortium (Y2), 75% RDF + 25% N through vermicompost (Y3), 75% RDF + 25% N
through vermicompost + biofertilizer consortium (Y4), 50% RDF + 50% N through
vermicompost (Y5), 50% RDF + 50% N through vermicompost + biofertilizer
consortium (Y6), 25% RDF + 75% N through vermicompost (Y7) and 25% RDF + 75%
N through vermicompost + biofertilizer consortium (Y8) were applied to yellow sarson
crop. In greengram crop the residual effect of the treatments applied to yellow sarson
were allotted in main plots and two different integrated nutrient management practices
viz., 100% RDF + biofertilizer consortium (G1) and 50% RDF + biofertilizer consortium
(G2) in the sub plots. The soil of the experimental site was sandy loam in texture, acidic
in reaction (pH 5.40 and 5.56), medium in organic carbon (0.69 and 0.72%), available N
(274.86 and 290.75 kg/ha), available K2O (138.16 and 140.89 kg/ha) and low in
available P2O5 (17.90 and 20.30 kg/ha) in the year 2017-18 and 2018-19, respectively.
Experimental findings revealed that application of 75% RDF + 25% N
through vermicompost + biofertilizer consortium (Y4) resulted in significantly higher
growth as well as yield attributing characters like plant height, number of branches per
plant, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, relative growth rate, number of
siliquae per plant, length of siliqua, number of seeds per siliqua in both the years. The
highest seed yield of 998.34, 1026.22 and 1012.28 kg/ha, stover yield of 2393.97,
2420.65 and 2407.31 kg/ha during 2017-18, 2018-19 and in pooled analysis,
respectively, were recorded with treatment having 75% RDF + 25% N through
vermicompost + biofertilizer consortium (Y4). The seed oil content of 36.40 and 36.97%
and seed protein content of 13.27 and 13.44% were also recorded in Y4 in 1st and 2nd
year, respectively. Similar effects of this treatment were also observed in respect of N, P
and K content and uptake by both seed and stover. However, soil microbial population,
microbial biomass carbon, phosphomonoesterase activity and fluorescein di-acetate
hydrolase activity after harvest of yellow sarson were significantly higher in treatment
having 25% RDF + 75% N through vermicompost + biofertilizer consortium (Y8). The
crop recorded the highest gross return (` 56105 in 2017-18 and ` 57652 in 2018-19), net
return (` 35407 during 2017-18 and ` 36954 during 2018-19) and benefit-cost ratio
(2.71 during 2017-18 and 2.79 during 2018-19) with the treatment containing 75% RDF
+ 25% N through vermicompost + biofertilizer consortium (Y4).
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In case of greengram, residual effect of 25% RDF + 75% N through
vermicompost + biofertilizer consortium (Y8) resulted in significantly higher growth as
well as yield attributing characters like plant height, number of branches per plant, dry
matter accumulation, crop growth rate, number of pods per plant and number of seeds
per pod in both the years. The effect of these was reflected in higher seed yield (849.56,
806.56 and 828.06 kg/ha in the year 2018, 2019 and in pooled analysis, respectively)
and stover yield (2012.68, 1935.58 and 1974.13 kg/ha in 2018, 2019 and in pooled
analysis, respectively) under the same integrated nutrient management practices. The
maximum values of N, P and K uptake by seed and stover, soil microbial population,
microbial biomass carbon, phosphomonoesterase activity and fluorescein di-acetate
hydrolase activity after harvest of greengram were also observed under this treatment
(Y8). However,direct application of 100% RDF + biofertilizer consortium (G1) brought
about higher values in growth parameters, yield attributes, yield of seed (804.21, 724.68
and 764.45 kg/ha during 2018, 2019 and in pooled analysis, respectively) and stover
yield (1830.89, 1763.80 and 1797.35 kg/ha during 2018, 2019 and in pooled analysis,
respectively), protein content in seed (22.39 and 22.26% in 2018 and 2019
respectively), content and uptake of N, P and K by both seed and stover, soil microbial
population, microbial biomass carbon, phosphomonoesterase activity and fluorescein diacetate
hydrolase activity after harvest of greengram over 50% RDF + biofertilizer
consortium (G2). The highest gross return (` 50726 in 2018 and ` 48922 in 2019), net
return (` 33611 during 2018 and ` 31807 during 2019) and benefit-cost ratio (2.96
during 2018 and 2.86 during 2019) were observed under treatment Y8G1 containing
100% RDF + biofertilizer consortium (G1) + residue of treatment Y8 (25% RDF + 75%
N through vermicompost + biofertilizer consortium).
In regards to yellow sarson-greengram cropping system the highest
yellow sarson equivalent yield (1678.57 and 1614.02 kg/ha in 2018 and 2019,
respectively) were obtained by treatment Y4G1 containing 100% RDF + biofertilizer
consortium (G1) + residue of treatment Y4 (75% RDF + 25% N through vermicompost +
biofertilizer consortium). The highest gross return (` 93518 in 2017-18 and
` 89981 in 2018-19), net return (` 55705 during 2017-18 and ` 52168 during 2018-19)
and benefit-cost ratio (2.47 during 2017-18 and 2.37 during 2018-19) of yellow sarsongreengram
cropping system were observed under treatment Y4G1, containing 100%
RDF + biofertilizer consortium (G1) + residue of treatment Y4 (75% RDF + 25% N
through vermicompost + biofertilizer consortium). The performance of yellow sarsongreengram
cropping system was assessed on the basis of yellow sarson equivalent yield,
net monetary returns and B-C ratio. The application of 75% RDF + 25% N through
vermicompost + biofertilizer consortium to yellow sarson and 100% RDF + biofertilizer
consortium to greengram was the most beneficial combination compared to rest of the
treatments.