STUDIES ON JATROPHA MOSAIC VIRUS DISEASE
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Date
2007-08-31
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University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore
Abstract
Jatropha {Jatropha curcas L.) is one of the important biodiesel crops
grown throughout the country. The Jatropha species suffer from several
diseases, among them Jatropha mosaic virus (JMV) disease is one of the
limiting factor in Jatropha cultivation.
The survey was conducted to know the distribution of JMV in
different parts of Kamataka during 2005, the results revealed that there
was 2.30 per cent to 31.40 per cent disease incidence on commonly grown
J. curcas and 6.00 per cent to 45.00 per cent on J. gossypiifolia
The infected plants were characterized by production of mosaic,
yellow mosaic, distorted leaves with reduction in leaf size, thickening of
veins, puckering and crinkling of leaves. Miniature leafy enations on the
axial side of leaves and severe stunted growth of the plants were also
recorded.
The virus causing Jatroha mosaic disease was neither mechanically
transmissible nor through seeds, but it was transmitted through dodder,
whitefly [Bemisia tabaci} and by grafting. The virus had limited host range
and produced mosaic, yellow mosaic and distorted leaves on J. curcas and
mosaic and leaf curling on J. gossypiifolia and the virus produced yellow
mosaic and leaf curling sjnnptoms on Phaseolus vulgaris.
The biochemical analysis of diseased leaves indicated decrease in
sugar with increased phenol content. The virus had severe effect on the
growth parameters which was evident from the drastic reduction in plant
height, inter-nodal length and petiole length in case of early infection.
The yield parameters like number of fruits per plant, size of the fruit
and number of seeds per capsule, seed weight and number of pollens were
also affected by JMV. accounting for 78.03 per cent reduction in yield. The
virus was found to affect the oil content (41.78 % reduction) drastically
over healthy plants. Among the different insecticides, monocrotophos (1.5
ml/1) and confidor (0.25 ml/1) were reduced vector population and also
disease incidence.
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