Studies on heterosis, combining ability and gene action for yield and yield contributing traits under sodic soil in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.)
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Date
2021-04
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ANDUAT, Kumarganj, Ayodhya
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Studies on heterosis, combining ability and gene
action for yield and yield contributing traits under sodic soil in bread wheat (Triticum
aestivum L. em. Thell.)” was undertaken to: 1. To work out genetic variability, heritability and
genetic advance in per cent of mean. 2. To estimate genetic association and path coefficient
analysis amongst different traits. 3. To estimate general and specific combining ability variances
and their effects. 4. To study nature and magnitude of gene action, heterosis in F1’s over better
parent and standard varieties. The present study was carried out during Rabi seasons of 2018-19
& 2019-20 at Main Experimental Station, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and
Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.). The experimental materials comprised of twenty four
genetically diverse varieties/strains and their 80 crosses. The 24 parents were involved in a
crossing programme to develop a line x tester set (20 lines + 4 testers + 4 checks) during Rabi
season of 2018-19.The experimental materials was evaluated in two conditions i.e. normal soil
and sodic soil condition. The observations were recorded on twelve characters.
Analysis of variance showed significant differences among lines, testers and line x tester
indicating wide genetic variation for all the characters under study. Mean sum of squares due to
treatments highly significant for all the characters studied except flag leaf area in E2 condition
while, mean squares due to replications were found non-significant for all the characters in both
environment.
The phenotypic, genotypic and environmental coefficients of variability for all the twelve
characters under both normal (E1) and sodic condition (E2) have been given in Table 4.2. In
general, the magnitude of phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than genotypic
coefficient of variation for all the traits in both normal (E1) and sodic condition (E2). The high
estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (>15%) were only tiller per plant in both
environment E1 and E2 exhibited moderate estimates (5-15%) of PCV recorded for the characters
were plant height, spike length, peduncle length, number of seed per spike, grain yield per plant
and harvest index, in E1 environment and in E2, spike length, peduncle length, number of seed per
spike, biological yield per plant, harvest index, grain yield per plant. Rest of all characters
showed less than five percentage PCV. the high estimate of heritability in broad sense (>75%)
was recorded for, plant height, harvest index, spike length grain yield/plant in E1 and only for
plant height in E2. among all the characters in the E1 and E2 had the moderate to low estimates of
heritability. Plant height, spike length, peduncle length, and harvest index in E1, and Tiller/plant,
harvest index in E2 showed moderate estimate of genetic advance in percent of mean (10-20%).
Rest of the traits showed low estimate of genetic advance in percent of mean in both
environments.
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