Effect of growth regulators and nutrients on spike qualities of gladiolus
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Date
1991
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Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara
Abstract
Studies were carried out at the College of Horticulture , Vellanikkara during 1988-89 to examine the effect of growth regulators
and nutrients on the growth parameters and spike qualities of five varieties of gladiolus, in two seasons.
The treatments significantly influenced all the vegetative characters, duration , most of the spike characters as well as corm
and cormel yield in one variety or other.
Growth retardants TIBA and CCC and salts of Ca recorded least height. TIBA 300 ppm and CCC 250 ppm produced the maximum number of leaves, followed by GA 100 ppm and salts of Ca and K. In leaf area, K2SO4 causes a significant increase. TIBA 300 ppm, NAA 100 ppm, GA 100 ppm and salts of Ca were the other superior treatments.
While K2SO4 and GA 100 ppm reduced the duration till the appearance of flower spike , that from spike emergence to opening was the shortest with salts of Ca and K, in general. GA and Ca(N03 ) 2 lengthened the blooming period , whereas and GA 100 ppm reduced the total duration .
In general, K2SO4 0.5%, CaSO4 0.5% and GA 50 ppm were superior in increasing the spike length . Diameter of spike was the maximum with growth inhibitors , in most of the varieties .
GA and salts of Ca were also superior. Ga 50 ppm as well assalts of Caa nd K helped in producing the longest rachis .
Salts of Ca at 1.0% level and GA produced the highest number of florets . However, the length and size of the florets were not affected by the treatments. CCC, Ca (N03)2 1.0% and KNO3 0.5% recorded the maximum fresh weight of the spike .
TIBA 150 ppm , CCC, GA, Ca(NO3) 1.0% and CaSO4 lengthened the vase life . GA, NAA 100 ppm, CCC 500 ppm and Ca(NO3)2 were superior with respect to the opening behaviour of the florets .
Longevity of individual floret was improved by GA 100 ppm , K2SO4 and Ca (NO3)2. Salts of K and Ca(NO3)2 1-0% enhanced the number of florets opened at a time . NAA 100 ppm and GA 50 ppm exhibited maximum water uptake. However, the treatments could not influence the nature of bending.
NAA, GA and salts of Ca and K increased the corm yield . Number of cormels was mostly affected by the nutrients . K improved the weight of cormels too. In general, floral characters were superior in the varieties American Beauty and Friendship , whereas vase life was the maximum in Agnirekha and Mansoer Red. True Yellow produced heavy corms. Weight of cormels was the maximum in Agnirekha and Mansoer Red. November planting was found to be better than April planting, in order to obtain quality spikes as weII as good cormel yield in gladiolus under Vellanikkara conditions.
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PG
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