Nitrogen management in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill.)
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Date
2010
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
The field experiment entitled, “Nitrogen management in soybean (Glycine max (L.)
Merrill.)” was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar,
during kharif season of 2009. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with 17
treatments replicated thrice. The entire set of treatments were divided into four different sets with
different dose and time of nitrogen application which consisted of four nitrogen levels viz., 20, 40, 60
and 80 kg/ha applied full as a basal dose at sowing, half at sowing and half at 50 days after sowing, half
at sowing and half at 80 days after sowing and Rhizobium inoculation to seed alone and in combination
with 20, 40 and 60 kg/ha levels of nitrogen applied at sowing, respectively, in addition to control.
Application of nitrogen increased the yield attributes as well as seed and straw yield of soybean
upto 80 kg N/ha. Although slightly higher yield were obtained with top dressing of nitrogen at 50 DAS
but statistically remained unaffected by time of N application. A substantial increase in yield was
observed with Rhizobium inoculation treatment, irrespective of varying nitrogen levels over no
inoculation. However, application of an initial basal dose of 60 kg N/ha coupled with seed inoculation
gave significantly higher yield attributes, seed yield and protein content than its application alone due to
increase in plant height, number and dry weight of nodules per plant, better development and higher dry
matter accumulation and its subsequent translocation to the seed. The net monetary returns and benefit:
cost ratio was also higher than all other treatments. Combined application of nitrogen along with
inoculation recorded significantly higher NPK content and uptake at all the levels of nitrogen. The
nitrogen use efficiency was found to decrease with increasing levels of nitrogen and recorded highest
with 20 kg N/ha. The optimum dose of nitrogen for soybean crop was calculated by fitting quadratic
response curve (y = 1405 + (200.6)x – (20.7)x2), (r2 = 0.77) as 93.5 and 98.3 kg N/ha economic and
physical optimum, respectively.
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Keywords
Weeds, Control methods, Maize, Heterocyclic compounds, Drying, Yields, Adjuvants, Crops, Planting, Biological development