Development of Smart Packaging Indicator for Real Time Monitoring Freshness of Paneer
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Date
2023-12-26
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MAFSU, Nagpur
Abstract
Precise improvements are imperative for real-time monitoring tools
dedicated to evaluate the quality of paneer throughout the supply chain. In accordance with this objective, both natural and chemical-based indicator sensors
were developed which operates by detecting essential volatile metabolites
emanating from stored paneer. Specifically, it has been designed to undergo a
color change when it reacts with basic volatiles released from paneer during
storage under refrigerated as well as under ambient temperature. Their responses
were studied in simulated reactive model system and during the storage period of
paneer at both refrigerated and ambient temperatures. In the simulated reactive
model system, the indicator was attached to the inner side of the lid of glass
bottles. Ammonia equivalent to that produced in paneer during storage was
poured into the bottles, and then sealed with caps maintaining an environment
with ammonia. Both indicator sensors natural as well as chemical changed their
colour when in contact with ammonia. In the experimental setup, the paneer
samples were packaged in polystyrene foam trays and sealed with polypropylene
film. The indicator sensor was affixed to the inner side of the film, and any
alterations in its color were observed and compared with the quality changes
occurring in the paneer during refrigerated as well as ambient storage. Throughout
the storage period under refrigerated and ambient condition, the change in color
by indicator sensor exhibited a strong correlation with various physicochemical,
sensory, and microbial parameters of paneer. Notably, a positive correlation was
observed between the levels of ammonia, Total Volatile Basic Nitrogen, (TVBN)
and microbial parameters. It was observed that values for ammonia, TVBN,
tyrosine, TPC (Total Plate Count), psychrophilic and Pseudomonas count were
increased significantly (p<0.05) during the storage period. The sensors
demonstrated robust responsiveness to the conditions of refrigerated storage as
well as ambient condition, and the observed color changes closely mirrored the
quality changes experienced by the paneer during this storage period. Thus the
study presents a promising approach to enhancing the monitoring and
maintenance of paneer quality within the supply chain. The study concluded that
the developed indictor sensor could be used as an effective tool to monitor real
time freshness of paneer in conjunction with “use by date”.