Evaluation of phytochemicals and antioxidant potential of six selected tree species
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Date
2022-03
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Traditional systems of medicine, modern medications, nutraceuticals, food supplements, folk medicines and pharmaceutical intermediates etc., used medicinal plants as a source of innovative drugs. In the present study, antioxidants activity of six tree species in both aquamthanol and aqua acetone extracts was assessed by using standard methods. Highest yield in aqua-methanol and aqua-acetone extracts was obtained both in Putranjiva roxburghii (21.09 % and 18.60 %, respectively). Majority of the phytochemicals were present in all the selected plant species. In aqua-methanol extract, oils and resins were absent in A. marmelos, C. fistula, and P. roxburghii; saponins were absent in M. philippensis, A. marmelos and A. indica. In aqua-acetone extract, quinones were absent in Aegle marmelos and Syzygium cumini; terpenoids were absent in Azadirachta indica; and saponins were absent in Mallotus philippensis. DPPH scavenging activity (%) was maximum P. roxburghii (68.16 ± 0.38 and 66.73 ± 0.52) in both aqua-methanol and aqua acetone extracts, respectively. Comparatively lower IC50 (μg/ml) values of DPPH were obtained in M. philippensis (26.82 and 81.49) in both aqua-methanol and aqua-acetone extracts, respectively. Comparatively higher FRAP activity (μg GAE/mg of extract) was exhibited by A. indica (31.06 ± 0.35) and M. philippensis (17.53 ± 0.30) in both aqua-methanol and aqua-acetone extracts than in rest of the tree species. The TPC (μg GAE/mg extract) was highest in M. philippensis (31.21 ± 0.18 and 28.37 ± 0.16) both in aqua-methanol and aqua-acetone extracts, respectively, while TFC (μg QE/mg extract) was in M. philippensis (29.66 ± 0.41 and 26.69 ± 0.30) in both aqua-methanol and aqua-acetone, respectively. Positively strong correlation was exhibited in terms of DPPH, FRAP, and TPC by most of the plant species in both the solvents except in M. philippensis, in which, it was very weak between TPC vs FRAP. Thus, among the solvents, aqua-methanol extracts exhibited comparatively higher antioxidant potential than aquaacetone and among the species, P. roxburghii and M. philippensis showed comparatively higher activity than in rest of tree species. Therefore, these tree species can be used as a natural plant antioxidant and can be exploited in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries.