COMPARATIVE APPRAISAL OF VARIOUS SOURCES OF BORON WITH RESPECT TO RELEASE OF BORON AND ITS EFFECT ON GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) YIELD
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Date
2009-09
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jau,junagadh
Abstract
The crop response to boron in the soils of Saurashtra is enigmatic. Since the soils are calcareous in nature the various pools of boron and its availability in soil are not clearly understood. Keeping this in mind, the present investigation was taken up in two parts. In the first part, an incubation study was undertaken during Kharif 2007 to know the effect of different sources (Agricol, Borax and Boric acid) and levels (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 and 10.0 ppm) of boron at various incubation periods (15th, 30th, 45th, 60th, 75th, and 90th day) on boron availability. Another part of the investigation was a pot study conducted during Summer 2008 to know the effect of different sources (Agricol, Borax and Boric acid) and levels of boron (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 ppm) on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) yield, yield attributes, concentration and uptake of N, P, K, B, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu, and their availability in post harvest soil. Both the experimental soils were Vertic Haplustepts medium black calcareous clayey.
The time of incubation had the pronounced effect on boron availability. The boron availability of each product increased up to 45th days of incubation period, and then it was decreased. Availability of boron seems to have direct relationship with the quantity of applied boron. Thus, the overall availability of boron increased with the increasing dose of applied boron sources. Among the different sources of boron, the rate of release of available boron was highest in Boric acid followed by Borax and Agricol. The interaction effect of different sources and periods was found significant. The highest availability of boron was registered at 45th days of incubation period with 10 ppm Boric acid treatment.
While, the pot culture study showed the different sources of boron significantly increased the haulm, kernel and shell yield of groundnut crop. The maximum plant height, number of mature pods, haulm, kernel and shell yield were observed with Boric acid. The quality parameters like oil content in kernel significantly improved by different sources. The maximum N, P, K, B, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu content and their uptake by haulm, kernel and shell were observed with Boric acid, except N and P content in shell and K content in haulm and shell. Among the different sources, Boric acid significantly increased the accumulation of N, P, K, B, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in haulm, kernel and shell except P uptake by haulm and shell. The soil reaction was observed significantly lowest with Boric acid treatments in soil. The significantly highest salt content (EC) and organic carbon content were observed with the application of Boric acid in soils. Among the different sources of boron, Boric acid significantly improved the availability of nutrients (N, P, B, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) in soils.
The application of boron significantly increased plant height, number of mature pods, haulm, kernel and shell yield of groundnut crop. The significantly highest concentration of N, P, K, B, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu content in haulm, kernel and shell were observed with the application of 1.5 ppm level of boron, except P and K content in shell. The boron application significantly improved the accumulation of N, P, K, B, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in haulm, kernel and shell of groundnut crop. The soil reaction was observed significantly lowest with application of boron @ 1.5 ppm in soil. The maximum salt content (EC) and organic carbon content were observed with the application of boron @ 1.5 ppm in soil. Among the different levels of boron, the application of 1.5 ppm boron significantly improved the availability of nutrients (N, P, B, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) in soil.
The significant interaction effect of sources and levels of boron was observed in case of dry matter production (pod and kernel), content (N content in kernel and P content in haulm) and uptake (N and K uptake by kernel). The interaction of available nitrogen content in soil was also found significant.