Isolation of male sterility and its maintenance in onion (Alliun cepa var. cepa L.)
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Date
2017
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CCSHAU
Abstract
A field experiment entitled “Isolation of male sterility and its maintenance in onion (Alliun
cepa var. cepa L.)” was conducted at Research Farm of Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana
Agricultural University, Hisar during rabi season of 2013-14 and 2014-15. Identify and maintain the male
sterile line from Onion Hisar 2 variety. Eight cytoplasmic male sterile line (MS 20, MS 21, MS 22, MS 23,
MS 34, MS 35, MS 37and MS 40) and two maintainer line (Pollinator 5 and Pollinator 11) was identify
with the help of morphologically screening and test cross with fertile pollen donor plant. Identified male
sterile line crossed with three tester and developed hybrid for superior general combiner and specific
hybrid combination. The analysis of variance exhibited significant genotypic difference, showing
considerable amount of genetic variability among the genotypes. The mean squares due to genotypes were
found highly significant for all the characters during investigation and suggesting wide difference in the
genotypes in the study. PCV were observed to be higher than GCV for all the characters studied, High
estimates of PCV and GCV was observed for number of ‘D’ grade bulb followed by number of ‘C’ grade
bulbs and number of ‘A’ grade bulbs. Among all eight lines, the line MS 20 was found good general
combiner for more number of traits studied. Line MS 34 was found good general combiner for number of
leaves per plant, average weight of bulb, total bulb yield, marketable yield, moisture content of bulb (%)
and dry matter content of bulb (%). Among the tester Pusa Red showed good general combiner for plant
height, diameter of bulb (polar & equatorial), average weight of bulb, total bulb yield, marketable yield,
moisture content of bulb (%), dry matter content of bulb (%) and total soluble solids of bulb (%). Tester
Pusa Red was observed good combiner for plant height, number of ‘B’ grade bulb and polar diameter of
bulb. The positive and desirable heterosis over best parent was exhibited in cross MS 37 x Pusa Red
followed by MS 20 x Pusa Red, MS 37 x Hisar 3, MS 22 x Agrifound Dark Red and MS 34 x Pusa Red,
respectively for plant height. Higher number of leaves. Positive significant heterosis was observed in the
cross MS 21 x Agrifound Dark Red over mid parent and better parent for average bulb weight. positively
significant better parent heterosis was observed in the cross MS 20 x Pusa Red followed by MS 37 x Pusa
Red, MS 34 x Pusa Red and MS 20 x Hisar 3, respectively for total yield. These crosses could be exploited
for the development of onion hybrids and also for selecting desirable segrigants to develop pure line
varieties. The preponderance of both additive and non-additive gene actions for yield, its components and
quality parameters is greatly suggested for both selection and heterosis breeding for the improvement of
onion crop.
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