In-silico characterization and expression analysis of genes responsible for Zn uptake in wheat-Aegilops lines
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Date
2022-07
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CCS HAU, Hisar
Abstract
Zinc deficiency is the most ubiquitous micronutrient deficiency in the world affecting nearly 2.6 billion peoples resulting in disease such as growth retardation, hypogonadism, immune dysfunction. It is a particular problem in developing countries, where most people rely on cereals as their staple food. One-third of the world’s cereal growing area is deficient in Zn. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42) belongs to family Gramineae is a major cereal crop grown all over the world constitutes approximately 30% of the total cereals consumed by world’s population making it a major source of minerals. Therefore, it is imperative that wheat cultivars with improved concentrations of Zn is necessary to be developed to alleviate malnutrition among peoples. Lack of genetic variation in wheat is a major drawback in mineral biofortification and bioinformatics tools can be used as a potential resource in investigation of genes related to Zn homeostasis. In the present investigation 7 Zn regulatory gene families namely NAS, NAAT, DMAS, ZIP, ZIFL, YSL and TOM had been identified and analyzed for their importance in biosynthesis of phytosiderophores, their uptake and translocation under Zn deficiency. Chinese spring, an elite wheat landrace and UPHAU-3, a wheat-Aegilops addition/substitution line were grown hydroponically under Zn sufficient and deficient conditions. The relative expression of NAS, NAAT, DMAS, ZIP, ZIFL, YSL and TOM measured in UP HAU-3 and CS revealed that DMAS, ZIP and TOM genes are the most potential genes majorly responsible for Zn uptake and transport by release of phytosiderophores under Zn deficiency. The content of phytosiderophores released in the root exudates induced under Zn deficiency was found 17.41% more higher for UPHAU-3 as compared to CS. Therefore, this comparative study represents that under Zn deficiency UPHAU-3 was more potential genotype for more Zn uptake and transport in comparison with Chinese spring, which can be used as a promising wheat genotype for further studies to make Zn biofortified wheat crop for mitigating Zn malnutrition in human population.