BLOOD TRANSFUSION STUDIES IN SHEEP AND GOAT
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Date
2021
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Abstract
The present study entitled “Blood transfusion studies in sheep and goats” was conducted for a period of 12 months, from September 2019 to August 2020, with the objectives of studying the shelf life of donor blood and blood transfusion protocol in sheep and goats. Blood collected in CPDA blood bags (@10-15ml/kg body weight) from 10 apparently healthy sheep and goat donors were stored for a period of 20 days and analysed to study various parameters. On storage, sheep blood showed 1 per cent haemolysis on day 16 and marked change in cell types were noted from day 13 onwards.Whereas in goats, 1 per cent haemolysis was observed on day 12 and marked change in cell types were noted from day 7 onwards. In total of 263 sheep and 1836 goats were presented to medicine unit ofVeterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal during the study
period. The incidence of anaemia in sheep and goats were 13.69 and 7.19 per cent, respectively. Highest incidence was noticed in less than 3 months of age group animals [sheep (30.56 %) and goats (41.67 %)] and in the winter season [sheep (44.44 %) and goat (48.48 %). Various etiologies observed in sheep and goats included ectoparasitic infestation (55.56 % and 63.64 % respectively), endoparasitic infection (19.44 % and 21.97 % respectively) and mixed infection (11.11 % and 6.06 % respectively).The most clinical signs noticed in sheep with anaemia were thin body condition, anorexia, occasional rumination, pale mucous membrane and dull mentation and in goats were thin body condition, doughy ruminal consistency, inappetence, pale mucous membrane and absence of rumination.On haemato-biochemistry, anaemic sheep had a significant reduction in Hb, PCV, RBCs, MCV, monocytes, neutrophils and albumin and significant leukocytosis, lymphocytosis and eosinophilia. Anaemic goats had a significant reduction of Hb, PCV, RBCs, neutrophils, total protein and albumin leveland significant elevation of MCV, MCH, monocytes and eosinophils. Cross matching was done prior to blood transfusion, in all the cases to check compatibility between donor and recipient blood. Blood transfusion was carried out with stored blood in 6 sheep and 9 goats (@ 10-15ml/kg body weight). Marked improvement was noticed soon after transfusion. Haemato-biochemical studies showed significant increase in Hb, PCV and total protein values in sheep and significant increase in Hb, PCV, RBC, WBC and eosinophils in goats after blood transfusion. In the present study, blood transfusion done with stored blood in anaemic sheep and goats was successful in all the cases without any adverse reactions.