Genetic architecture of quantitative traits and aluminium tolerance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
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Date
2019
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CCSHAU
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out to study “Genetic architecture of quantitative traits and
aluminium tolerance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)” at Research Farm of Oilseeds Section,
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, CCS HAU, Hisar, during the Spring-2015, Spring -2016 and
Spring 2017 using 50 sunflower genotypes. For accessing aluminium (Al) tolerance in given fifty
sunflower genotypes, Al stress screening assay was done to identify the Al tolerant and susceptible
genotypes. Sunflower genotypes EC-601861 and NDLR-06 tolerant to Al were crossed to Al susceptible
genotypes MR-06 and RHA-298 to determine the nature of inheritance of tolerant. The inheritance of Al
tolerance was controlled by single dominant gene that can be easily transferred to desirable lines through
backcross breeding programme. All the six generation developed in the proposed investigation were also
raised under field conditions to investigate the genetic architecture of yield and its component traits in
sunflower. Data were recorded on the following characters viz., days to flowering, days to maturity, plant
height (cm), head diameter (cm), stem diameter (cm), seed yield per plant (g), 100-seed weight (g) and oil
content (%). Generation mean analysis revealed significant differences for all studied traits. The
significant results of scaling test indicating the presence of non-allelic interactions. Most of the characters
showed inadequacy to additive-dominance model was subjected six parameter model. Deviation in gene
effects was visualized in different crosses. In general, the magnitudes of dominance gene effects were
higher than the additive gene effects. Duplicate type of epistasis was observed for most of the traits in all
crosses. In the present study, 61 microsatellite markers were used to assess the genetic diversity in
sunflower. Out of the 61 primers, 26 primers were found polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus
ranged from 2 to 4 with an average of 2.31. Estimates of genetic similarities among the different
genotypes ranged from 0.24 (between genotype MSF-1-7 and EC-601875) to 0.92 (between genotype
RHA-298 Early and DRSF-160 R) with an average of 0.58, depicting a high level of genetic variation
among studied sunflower genotypes.
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