Income and inequality among farm households in Punjab

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dc.contributor.advisorManjeet Kaur
dc.contributor.authorSaini, Rohit
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-25T07:20:56Z
dc.date.available2021-10-25T07:20:56Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractThe present study was conducted to examine the farm-size productivity relationship, level of income, extent of inequality and to decompose sources of income inequality among farm households in Punjab. The study was based on the data of National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO) 70th round. The data pertained to the agricultural year 2012-13. The results revealed that majority of the farm households in Punjab belonged to general category (84.41%) followed by OBC (9.32%) and SC/ST group (6.28%). The average family size of the farm household was 5.49 members. There were around six per cent of the farm households headed by female members. The average operational holdings across different farm-size categories were 0.47, 1.40, 2.76, 6.00 and 14.81 hectares for marginal, small, semimedium, medium and large farms, respectively. The wheat and paddy were two main crops of rabi and kharif seasons, respectively. Farm-size and productivity analysis was conducted at two levels i.e., crop-wise analysis for wheat crop and farm level analysis for kharif, rabi and all crops. Farm-size and input use relationship was also studied. There was positive and significant correlation between area under the wheat crop and productivity. For kharif crops, the farm-size and productivity relationship between productivity and cropped area was found to be significant and positive. Same results were observed for rabi crops and all crops. Farmsize and input-use relationship was positive for fertilizers, plant protection chemicals, hired labour, diesel while negative for hiring machinery. The main source of farm household income was crops (81.89%), followed by salaries (8.67%), livestock (6.61%) and non-farm business (2.32%). The distribution of income among farm households was highly skewed. The Gini coefficient was estimated at 0.50 among the farm households. Using Theil index, it was analyzed that the inequality within farm-size categories (0.27) was higher than the inequality between categories (0.18). Livestock came out to be inequality decreasing factor in overall decomposition as well as intra class decomposition of income inequality. Cooperative farming, strengthening of dairy sector, promotion of agro-processing industries and establishment of skill development centers were suggested policy implications of the study.en_US
dc.identifier.citationSaini, Rohit (2021). Income and inequality among farm households in Punjab (Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810177215
dc.keywordsFarm-size, Gini coefficient, Income, Inequality, Lorenz curve, Productivityen_US
dc.language.isoEnglishen_US
dc.pages96en_US
dc.publisherPunjab Agricultural University, Ludhianaen_US
dc.research.problemIncome and inequality among farm households in Punjaben_US
dc.subAgricultural Economicsen_US
dc.themeIncome and inequality among farm households in Punjaben_US
dc.these.typePh.Den_US
dc.titleIncome and inequality among farm households in Punjaben_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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