EVALUATION OF ESTRUS PARAMETERS, CERTAIN BIOCHEMICAL AND HORMONAL PROFILES IN REPEAT BREEDING ONGOLE COWS
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Date
2024-02
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY, TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
The present study was conducted in follicular cyst affected Ongole cows,
which were presented to the Gynaecological unit, Department of Veterinary
Gynaecology and Obstetrics, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram,
Andhra Pradesh during the study period from November 2022 to October 2023. A
thorough analysis was conducted on both day 0 and day 10 in normal cyclic (n=10)
and follicular cyst affected Ongole cows (n=10). Various parameters including estrus
characteristics,
haemato-biochemical values, and hormonal profiles were
meticulously examined, recorded and subsequently compared between the groups.
The prevalence of cystic ovaries in Ongole cattle experiencing repeated
breeding was recorded as 21.3 per cent, with follicular cysts comprising 13.3 per cent
of the cases. In the current study, the occurrence of follicular cysts in Ongole cows
was 20 per cent in second parity, 30 per cent in third parity and 50 per cent in four
and above parities, respectively. Results revealed that duration of estrus (51.9 hrs)
was significantly (P<0.01) longer and estrous cycle length (15.9 days) was
significantly (P<0.01) shorter in follicular cystic compared to normal cyclic cows.
Further, most of the follicular cystic cows exhibited an intense estrus compared to
intermediate estrus in normal cyclic cows.
The majority of follicular cystic cows exhibited a pH ranging between 7-8
with a non-significantly (P>0.05) lower spinbarkeit value and typical fern pattern in
their cervico-vaginal mucus. Further, they displayed clinical signs like nymphomania
(40%), sterility hump (60%), mucometra (30%), copious vaginal discharges (70%),
pneumovagina (40%) and estrual prolapse (20%). On day 0, the average diameter
(cm) of dominant and cystic follicles in normal cyclic and follicular cystic cows was
1.06±0.06 and 1.86±0.07 cm, respectively. Meanwhile, the mean diameter of cystic
follicles on day 10 was 1.93±0.07.
Significantly (P<0.05) lower levels of haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume
(PCV) and slight leukocytopenia with neutrophilia, lymphopenia, mild
monocytopenia and a non-significant variation in basophil count were recorded in
follicular cystic compared to normal cyclic cows on both days.
Significantly (P<0.05) higher serum glucose, total protein and a non
significantly (P>0.05) higher serum cholesterol concentration was recorded in cows
afflicted with follicular cysts compared to normal cyclicity on both days.
A significantly (P<0.05) higher and lower levels of serum progesterone on
day 0 and day 10, respectively was observed in follicular cystic compared to normal
cyclic cows. Whereas, significantly (P<0.05) higher serum cortisol level was
recorded in follicular cystic compared to normal cyclic cows on both days.
A significant (P<0.01) rise in serum progesterone level was noted in normal
cyclic cows on day 10 in contrast to day 0 with no significant difference in follicular
cystic cows. While, a non-significant decrease (P>0.05) in serum cortisol was noted
in normal cyclic cows on day 10 compared to day 0, with no significant variation
observed in follicular cystic cows.