Pearl Millet Rust (Puccinia substriata EII. And Barth. Var. Indica Ramachar and Cummins) and its Integrated Management in Northern Dry Zone of Karnataka
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Date
2013
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UAS, Dharwad
Abstract
Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] is the most drought and heat tolerant
crop with highest water use efficiency under drought stress. It is grown as a nutrient rich food
source for human and as a fodder crop for livestock. In Karnataka pearl millet is largely
cultivated in northern districts comprising Bijapur, Bagalkot, Gulbarga, Raichur, Koppal and
Belgaum accounting for 87 per cent of the area and production in the state. Pearl millet in
Karnataka presently suffers from many fungal diseases. Among them rust caused by Puccinia
substriata var. indica is a potential destructive disease in recent years causing severe yield
loss. Hence, the present investigation was carried out with different objectives aiming at the
integrated management of this disease.
Roving survey conducted during Kharif 2012 in different taluks of Bijapur and
Bagalkot districts indicated varying intensities in different taluks. Rust severity was higher in
Basavana Bagewadi taluk (42.96 %) followed by Bijapur (40.11 %) and Sindagi (38.88 %)
taluks of Bijapur district and in Bagalkot district, Hunagund taluk recorded maximum rust
severity (35.18%) followed by Badami (27.15 %) and Bagalkot (17.77 %) taluk.
In loss assessment studies among different pearl millet genotypes to rust, irrespective
of the fungicidal spray significantly higher per cent disease index was recorded in the
genotype MRB 2232 (32.33 %). And higher seed yield (44.83 q ha-1) and 1000 seed weight
(12.81 g) was recorded in the genotype GK 1135 compared to other genotypes.
Under in vitro condition irrespective of the concentrations, hexaconazole among
fungicides, neem oil among botanicals and cow urine among ITK’S recorded maximum
inhibition of uredospore germination of 98.18, 88.83 and 82.14 per cent, respectively. In
Integrated Disease Management (IDM), the spray schedule hexaconazole @ 0.1% -
hexaconazole @ 0.1% recorded least rust severity (15.30 %), higher seed yield (30.50 q ha-1)
with higher benefit : cost ratio (1 : 2.40) followed by the spray schedule hexaconazole @
0.1% - neem oil @ 1.0 %. Among 42 pearl millet genotypes screened against rust, none of the
genotype showed immune or highly resistant reaction, four genotypes showed resistant (EBT
10-37, EBLT 10-3, LPRT 10-11 and EMRT 10-17), 18 genotypes each as moderately
resistant and susceptible and remaining two genotypes as highly susceptible.