HETEROSIS AND STABILITY STUDIES IN RABI SORGHUM [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

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Date
2004
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University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad
Abstract
"The material for the present study comprised of 20 hybrids developed by involving 13 restorers and five male sterile lines and six checks of rabi sorghum. All these were evaluated during rabi 2002 at three different locations viz., Main Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad (Ei), Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bijapur (E2) and Agricultural Research Station, Bagalkot (E3). The first two locations were rainfed environments, E3 was protectively irrigated condition. Analysis of variance revealed that the mean sum of squares of the genotypes (hybrids and checks) were highly significant at all the three locations for all the characters studied. The pooled analysis of variance revealed that genotypic differences pooled over environments were significant for six characters out of 10 characters studied. The crosses x environment interaction was significant for all characters except for panicle length and number of primaries per panicle, which indicates that the genotypic performance of the hybrids varied with change in environment. Based on heterosis, the hybrids M31-2A x BRJ-67, 53A x BRJ-204, 53A x SPV-570 and 116A X BRJ-204 were found to be the best combinations for grain yield and other component characters and performed well at all the three locations. But, among these hybrids M31-2A x Katizapur local and 117A x BRJ-356 were late maturing as compared to hybrid and local check, whereas 104A X BRJ-356 and 104A x SPV-1503 were early maturing with higher grain yield as compared to both checks. The hybrid 53A x SPV-570 performed well in all the locations and showed significant positive standard heterosis over both check for grain yield in all the three locations. The estimate of stability parameters revealed that M31-2A x BRJ-62, 53A x SPV-570 and 117A x BRJ-356 were stable for most of characters under study. The crosses 104A x SPV-1457 was stable specific for grain yield and M31-2A x MH Jola for fodder yield. However, 104A x BRJ-356 and M31-2A X CR-9 showed partial adaptation to all the environments with respect to grain yield, while 117A x BRJ-356 to infavourable environments. For fodder yield 104A x SPV-1504 showed specific adaptation for favourable environmental condition, while M31-2A x MH Jola for all environments."
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