Optimization of gene expression assays and growth medium composition for developing an in vitro flower induction system in sugarcane
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Date
2023
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Punjab Agricultural University
Abstract
Flowering is necessary in sugarcane not just for their species propagation in nature also important for the crop improvement. The erratic and unpredictable flowering in the cultivated canes is hindering the breeding programmes. While in the commercial fields, flowering in canes depletes the sucrose reserves accumulated in the stalk there by posing the detrimental impact on sucrose juice quality and quantity. So, either to regulate the flowering bypassing the negative impact on the sucrose yield or to standardize the speed breeding protocols, there is a need of studying the flowering in sugarcane. The present work explains relative gene expression analysis done using q RT-PCR in Saccharum spontaneum, Saccharum robustum, Saccharum officinarum species and also in cultivated varieties after the photoperiod treatment. All the three Saccharum species reported a significant upregulation for the FT3 and FT4 genes, suggesting that FT3 and FT4 are the dominant PEBP genes involved in flowering mechanism of sugarcane. The photoperiod treatment given to the cultivated cane varieties resulted in elevated levels of FT1, making FT1 as the PEBP member to act dominantly in the canes during 12hr 30min of day-length. Marcotting procedure was followed by various research groups in sugarcane but, mortality of the marcotted canes is one of the drawbacks. In the marcotting procedure followed in this present study, IBA 2500ppm resulted in optimum rooting percentage. To minimize the mortality rates after detaching the marcotted canes different compositions of nutrient media were tested. Out of all, marcots that were established in the 2 litres of MS medium supplemented with 100g of sucrose and 200ppm of GA3 were able to survive for 54 days and also reported stem elongation especially in the nodes present in the top half portion of the marcots. This present study yielded satisfactory results giving insights into the molecular aspects of the flowering in sugarcane and also optimized the survival rates of the marcots after their detachment.
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Gongati Pavani (2023). Optimization of gene expression assays and growth medium composition for developing an in vitro flower induction system in sugarcane (Unpublished M.Sc. thesis). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.