Weed Management In Wheat ( Triticum aestivumL.) Based Intercropping System with Limited Irrigation
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Date
1994
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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
Abstract
The growth and development of wheat, chickpea and linseed in pure stand as well as in intercropping system was reviewed in relation to irrigation. and weed management. It was assumed that the slow Vegetative growth of chickpea and linseed in the initial stages might be helpul in knitting these crops as an intercrop with wheat after adapting suitable weed control measures under limited water availability. It was also assumed that intercropping of chickpea or linseed had the least effect on growth, development, nutrient uptake, yield P205 attributes and yield of wheat. Keeping the above facts in view, field experiment was conducted during winter season of 1992-93 and 1993-94 on acidic soil (pH5.8) having 235.0. 17.2 and 267.0 kg ha available N. and K₂0. respectively, at the Birsa Agricultural University, Farm. Ranchi. to study the effect of "Weed management in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend Fiori Paol.) based intercropping system with limited irrigation" on growth and yield of component crops, weed density and growth. nutrient uptake and economics of the system. The experiment was conducted in split-split plot design with two replications. Two irrigation levels (CRI boot and CRI+ boot + milk stages) were kept in main plot. five cropping systems CViz. sole wheat (20) cm), sole chickpea (25 cm), sole linseed (25 cm). wheat chickpea (3:1) and wheat + linseed 3:1) in sub-plot and five weed management practices were plots [Pendimethalin (1.0 kg a.i. ha 1 in sub-sub. pre-em.), isoproturon (1.0 kg a.i. ha post-em.), pendimethalin + isoproturon (each a 0.75 kg a.i. ha-1 pre-em.). weeding by grubber (20 and 40 DAS) and weedy check (control)].
The results revealed that three irrigation each at CRI + boot milk stages increased the growth, attributes and yield and nutrient uptake of component crops. Three irrigations enhanced the equivalent respective yield 2305. 3025 and 2665 kg. years and on pooled basis) and (Rs. 325 1 and 7027 ha 1) and benefit cost 1.53 and 2.16) and in respective years over yield the ha-heat net in return ration (Rs. the two irrigations. Intercropping of wheat either with linseed or chickpea in 3:1 row ratio proved superior to sole yield cropping in respect of growth, yield attributes, and benefit. Intercropping of wheat with linseed their in 3:1 rows ratio produced significantly higher wheat equivalent yield (2774, 3597 and 3186 kg ha-1 in respective years and on pooled basis), net return (Rs. 5242 and 9618 ha) and benefit cost ratow (Rs. 1.88 and 2.62) in respective years than sole cropping of either of the crops. However, wheat + chickpea (3:1) intercropping system was comparable with it in respect of yield (2105, 3609 and 2857 kg ha in respective years and on pooled basis). net return (Rs. 4639 and
9704 ha 1) and benefit : cost ratio (Rs.1.75 and in respective years. 2.51),
The effect of weeding by grubber at 20 and 40 days after sowing was comparable with combined use of pendimethalin + isoproturon each a 0.75 kg a.i. ha-1 in reducing weed density and weed-dry matter. Weeding by grubber at 20 and 40 days after sowing produced maximum wheat equivalent yield (2608, 3482 and 3045 kg ha- > in respective years and on pooled basis) net return (Rs. 4888 and 9330 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (Rs. 1.85 and 2.64) in respective years and it was significantly superior to other weed-control methods. Among herbicides. combined use of pendimethalin isoproturon each 0.75 kg a.i. ha 1 pre-emergence and emergence application of isoproturon each a 1.0 kg a.i. post ha-1 did not differ with each other in respect of net return.