EFFECT OF PROBIOTIC SUPPLEMENTATION ON PERFORMANCE OF LAYERS IN POST PEAK PERIOD
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Date
2013-11
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY , TIRUPATI – 517502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
ABSTRACT :
The present study was carried out with a view to investigate the production performance of layers fed with probiotic supplemented diets at different levels 0 (T1), 50 (T2), 100 (T3) and 150 g (T4) per ton of basal diets during post peak production (47 to 58 weeks of age).
The basal diet was formulated with commonly available feed ingredients like maize, soybean meal, sunflower meal, de-oiled rice bran, fish meal as per the specifications of BIS, (1992) suitable for Indian conditions. The chemical composition (%) of the basal diet was 90.0 (DM), 18.09 (CP), 2.82 (EE), 7.65 (CF), 55.22 (NFE), 17.22 (TA) and 3.81 (AIA). The calculated ME content of the basal diet was 2654 Kcal/Kg.
One hundred and eighty Single Comb White Leghorn layers were used in the experiment and divided into four dietary treatments with three replicates of fifteen birds each. During the experimental period feed intake, feed efficiency, egg production, egg quality traits and body weights were recorded in three periods of 28 days each (47 to 50, 51 to 54 and 55 to 58 weeks). Serum parameters like total serum proteins and serum cholesterol levels were recorded at the start and at the end of the experiment. Relative economics were calculated at the end of the experiment.
There was no significant difference observed in feed intake (g) during overall experimental laying period (47-58 weeks) and feed intake ranged from 118.53(T4) to 120.18 g (T1). There was no significant difference in feed efficiency (kg feed consumed for dozen eggs) during 47-58 weeks of age. Better feed efficiency (kg feed consumed for dozen eggs) was observed in T2, T3 and T4 groups (1.68 Kg) over T1 (1.69 Kg). Similarly non-significant differences were observed in birds fed with experimental diets with regard to feed efficiency expressed as Kg feed consumed for Kg egg produced.
There was no significant difference among treatment groups with regard to percent hen-day egg production during overall laying period (47-58 weeks). Higher percent hen-day egg production was observed in T2 group (85.21) and lower value was observed in T1 (84.47) group birds. During overall laying period higher egg weight was recorded in T1 group (54.09 g) and lower egg weight was observed in T4 (53.54 g), but there was no statistical difference observed among the treatment groups. Egg mass (Kg) did not show any significant difference during the overall laying period. Numerically higher egg mass (kg) was recorded in T2 group (19.34) and lower egg mass was observed in T4 (18.92 Kg) group.
The probiotic supplementation did not show any significant difference in haugh unit, albumen index and yolk index during the experimental period. Shell thickness (mm) showed significant (P≤0.05) difference in all three periods of experimental period in probiotic supplemented group over control. The mean shell thickness (mm) was 0.337, 0.347, 0.343 and 0.337 respectively in T1, T2, T3 and T4. The total serum protein (g/dl) in T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups were 6.71, 6.73, 6.73 and 6.61, respectively in birds at the start of experiment. At the end of the experiment the total serum protein (g/dl) in T1, T2, T3 and T4 were 6.71, 6.27, 6.91 and 6.69 respectively. The total protein was reduced by 7.33 % in control (T1) but increased in T2, T3 and T4 by 2.60, 1.19 and 2.58 % respectively. There was no significant difference observed among the treatment groups. At the start of the experiment serum cholesterol (mg/dl) in T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups were 134.47, 137.98, 132.43 and 130.81, respectively. At the end of the experiment serum cholesterol (mg/dl) in T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups were 128.83, 138.76, 129.26 and 122.67 respectively. The serum cholesterol increased by 0.56% in control (T1) but reduced in T2, T3 and T4 by 2.39, 6.22 and 8.82% respectively. During 47-58 weeks of age significantly (P≤0.05) higher body weights (g) were observed in T1 (1296) and lower body weight was observed in T4 (1234) group. There was no significant difference in feed consumption and income over feed cost per 12 eggs produced among different treatments. Feed cost/12eggs (`) in T1, T2, T3 and T4 were 43.10, 42.87, 42.91 and 42.94 respectively. Income over feed cost/12 eggs (`) in T1, T2, T3 and T4 were 4.91, 5.13, 5.09 and 5.06 respectively. Percent improvement in income over the control (T1) was T2 (4.51), T3 (3.83) and T4 (3.14). There was no mortality observed in all the groups during the experimental period and birds did not show any illness on probiotic supplementation.
Better egg parameters, relative economics, reduced cholesterol contents and improved relative economics over control suggest that 50g of probiotic supplementation to one ton of layer diet is beneficial without any adverse effects during post peak production. The inclusion of probiotics can replace the usage of antibiotics in poultry feeds
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