Micropropagation of teak (tectona grandis L.) from nodal explant
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Date
2018-05-30
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Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani
Abstract
Teak (Tectona grandis L.) having chromosome number 2n=36. It is one of the most important timber yielding trees of asian countries particularly India, Indonesia, Myanmar and Thailand. It is also the most popular, valuble and extremely durable wood of indigenous timber among all over the world. It is sun loving, decidous tree, which thrives, in any well drained soil. It has gastation period of 15-25 year.
The teak wood plant is conventionally reproduced through seeds, but germination is often difficult because the hard seed coat limits the production of a large number of seedlings in a defined time. Poor germination rate leading to a low production seedlings furthure contributes to the paucity of planting material. The propagation of teak via cuttings and other technique have also been reported.
In micropropagation establishment of teak is very critical process as it met with an array of different problems such as microbial contamination, phenol exudation. To avoid and minimize this problem, explants were sterilized by using 10 mg/l bavistin, 1% mercuric chloride and antioxident solution ascorbic acid (10%) to reduce the phenol secretion.
The experiment was conducted to get reliable and reproducible protocols to produce healthy plantlets from nodal segment explants of the teak (Tectona grandis L.). Nodal explants of 1-1.5 cm were grown on MS media with different concentration BAP ranging from 0.5 to 2.5 mg/l. After 6 weeks of inoculation the significantly highest average shooting response (92%) was observed with 2.0 mg/l BAP with MS media. The highest shoot number i.e. 4.8 was recorded at same concentrations with the highest shoot length 7.2 cm. The significantly minimum average growth response (43%), average shoot per explant of 1.2 and with average shoot length 2.6 cm was recorded on MS medium containing BAP concentration 0.5 mg/l, respectively.
The explant when inoculated on MS media containing growth regulators i.e 2.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 to 2.5 mg/l IAA with different combinations of treatments. Significantly maximum 88% shooting response with 8.5 number of shoots per explant and average shoot length per explant ( 7.3 cm) was recorded with 2 mg/l BAP and 1.5 mg/l IAA.
Young nodal segment explant were inoculated on MS media containing different concentration of IBA 1.0 to 3.0 mg/l, BAP 2.0 mg/l and 1.5 mg/l IAA. All cultures renewed by subculturing every 4 weeks and the contaminated culture was discarded. The results for the nodal segment explants grown on MS medium with different concentration of BAP, IAA and IBA and indicated that the highest average growth response (100%), avrage number of shoots per explant (7.2) and average shoot length per explat (6.9 cm) was observed with 2.0 mg/l, 1.5 mg/l, 2.0 mg/l, respectively. Significanly minimum shooting response (70%) and number of shoots per explant (5.2) was recorded on MS medium containing 2 mg/l BAP, 1.5 mg/l IAA and 1.0 mg/l IBA while minimum average shoot length per explant 5.7 cm was recorded on MS medium containing 2 mg/l BAP, 1.5 mg/l IAA and 2.0 mg/l IBA
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