Evaluation of different methods of establishment in kharif maize (Zea mays L.)
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Date
2019
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CCSHAU
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Regional Research Station, Uchani, Karnal of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (India) during kharif 2018. Experiment comprised of eight treatments (establishment methods) viz., zero tillage-drill sown (with wheat residue @ 4 t/ha), zero tillage-drill sown (without residue), zero tillage-dibbling sown (with wheat residue @ 4 t/ha), zero tillage-dibbling sown (without residue), conventional tillage-drill sown, conventional tillage-dibbling, CT-raised bed-MCP sown, CT-raised bed-dibbling. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Weather data revealed that rainfall received during the cropping season was 984.4 mm, which was well-distributed up to September which resulted in good crop stand and growth. Among different establishment methods, zero tillage-drill sown (with wheat residue) recorded higher growth parameters, higher grain and stover yields, net income and B-C ratio with good crop growth at all growth stages as compared to other methods. Zero-tillage (ZT) was found superior to both CT- flat bed and CT-raised bed due higher growth parameters (plant height, LAI, dry matter accumulation), yield attributes (cob weight, harvest index), net returns and B: C. ZT with residue gave significantly higher grain and stover yields than CT-flat bed and CT-raised bed. Similarly, residue retention was better than without residue in respect of growth, yield and yield attributes and net returns. There was no difference in drill sowing and dibbling under similar tillage (ZT/CT) or residue mulch situations. Thus Zero tillage-drill sown with residue mulch could be a viable establishment method in maize.
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