Therapeutic evaluation of some ethnomedicinal plants against Fasciola gigantica
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Date
2005-06
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Various organic solvent and aqueous extracts of three ethnomedicinal plants viz., Butea frondosa, Embelia ribes and Mallotus philippensis were evaluated for their in vitro efficacy against Fasciola gigantica. The extracts were phytochemically analysed for presence of various groups of chemical compounds. Effective extracts were fractionated and characterized through HPTLC. Two (2.5 and 5.0 mg/ml) concentrations of all the extracts were prepared in H-F solution. Similar concentrations of three standard antitrematodal drugs viz., Triclabendazole, Rafoxanide and Closantal were also prepared to run positive control test. The results obtained form each of the extract were compared with that of standards and cumulative efficacies of the extracts and overall efficacies of the plant materials were analysed and interpreted. Mallotus philippensis showed maximum overall efficacy (49.05 % and 46.67 % at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/ml concentrations respectively). Butea frondosa showed 41.43 and 40.95 % whereas Embelia ribes gave 31.43 and 30.95 % overall efficacies at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/ml concentrations respectively. Butea frondosa showed maximum cumulative efficacy in its benzene extract (80.00 and 73.33 % at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/ml concentrations respectively) whereas Mallotus philippensis gave maximum cumulative efficacy with cold aqueous extract (73.33 % in both the concentrations). Embelia ribes showed maximum 46.67 % cumulative efficacy in methanol extract at 2.5 mg/ml and 50.00 % cumulative efficacy in hexane extract at 5.0 mg/ml. Phytochemical analysis was carried out to detect alkaloids, anthraquinones, coumarins, flavonoids, glycosides, proteins, reducing sugars, resins, saponins, sterols, tannins and triterpenes. All the chemical groups were present in one or another extract of Butea frondosa except flavonoids. Flavonoids, proteins and sterols were absent in extracts of Embelia ribes whereas anthraquinones, flavonoids, proteins and reducing sugars could not be detected in any extract of Mallotus philippensis. Determination of Rf values and absorption maxima of the substances present in the effective extracts was carried through HPTLC.
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