MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF CIRCULATING PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS 2 (PCV2) AND DEVELOPMENT OF INACTIVATED VACCINE
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Date
2022
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Abstract
The present study was aimed at molecular characterization of the circulating
porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) under field condition in southern India and development of
a inactivated vaccine. A total of 434 field samples comprising of serum (n=273), post
mortem tissues (n=109) and swabs from natural orifices (n=52) collected from swine
populations of southern India during the period from 2019 to 2021 were used in this
study. Of the 434 field samples screened, 53(12.2%) samples were found positive for
PCV2 infections by ORF2 gene based diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
assay. Statistical analysis of PCV2 positivity within breed, age, sex and vaccination
status revealed no significant difference (P>0.05) but there was a significant difference
(P<0.05) in the positivity of PCV2 among healthy and suspected swine populations.
ELISA based PCV2 specific antibody to capsid protein screening in 176 serum samples
collected from non-vaccinated animals (based on history) revealed seropositivity of
44.8% (n=79).
Screening for PCV1 and PCV3 circulation in the field and their co-infection
studies revealed, 2.99% (n=13) positivity for PCV1 genome and 0.69% (n=3) positivity
for PCV3 genome. The PCV3 incidence was documented for the first time in southern
part of India. The PCV2 co-infection analysis revealed, 11.32% (n=6) co-infection of
PCV2 with PCV1 and 1.88% (n=1) co-infection of PCV2 with PCV3.