STUDY ON TILLAGE, RESIDUE AND WEED MANAGEMENT IN WHEAT
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Date
2013
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Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
Abstract
The present study entitled “Studies on tillage, residue, and weed management in wheat” was planned and carried out during winter seasons of 2011-12 at Agricultural Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with four replications. Main plot treatment comprised of a combination of six tillage and residue management (conventional tillage : no residue, zero tillage : no residue, zero tillage : anchored residue (cut at 30 cm height), zero tillage: anchored residue (cut at 30 cm height) + partial loose residue(1.5 tone ha-1), zero tillage: anchored residue + full residue (3.0 tone ha-1), zero tillage : anchored residue + full residue(3.0 tone ha-1) + tricoderma application(5% chemical grade). Sub plot treatments consisted of three weed management viz: weedy, weed free, Sulfosulfuron + Metsulfuron methyl (25+4.0 gm a.i. ha-1) post emergence 35 DAS. Wheat variety PBW-502 was sown @ 100 kg seed ha-1 with the help of zero till-drill as per treatment in all zero tillage treatments except conventional tillage treatments. In conventional tillage seed was sown by broadcasting method after tillage (two harrow + two cultivator). Zero tillage : anchored residue(cut at 30 cm height) + full residue(3 tone ha-1) + Trichoderma application found to be most effective in producing increase crop growth, yield attributes, grain and straw yield, NPK uptake net return and benefit : cost ratio. The herbicide sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron treatment was found most effective in increasing crop growth, yield attributes, grain and straw yield, NPK uptake net return and benefit : cost ratio. Zero tillage : anchored residue(cut at 30 cm height) + full residue + Trichoderma application and Zero tillage : anchored residue(cut at 30 cm height) + full residue was found most effective in minimizing the weed density (m2), total dry weight (g m-2), crop weed competition and nutrient depletion by weed at maximum growth stages (50 DAS). Among the weed management treatments weed free proved most effective in controlling the weed population, weed growth and nutrient depletion by weed followed by sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron(25 + 4 g a.i. ha-1). N, P and K uptake by the crop was found to be maximum under zero tillage: anchored residue (cut at 30 cm height) + full residue + Trichoderma application while nutrient uptake by weeds was minimum under this treatment. Among weed management treatments weed free recorded maximum nutrient uptake by crop and this treatment also resulted minimum nutrient uptake by weeds and closely followed by sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron (25 + 4 g a.i. ha-1). The maximum net return and gross return was obtained in zero tillage: anchored residue (cut at 30 cm height) + full residue + Trichoderma application while maximum benefit: cost ratio was associated with zero tillage: anchored residue(cut at 30 cm height) + full residue.
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Singh, P. K. 2013. Study on tillage, residue and weed management in wheat. M. Sc. (Ag.) Thesis, Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU, Varanasi.