NURSERY AND NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR MECHANIZED SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION (MSRI)
Loading...
Date
2017
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University
Abstract
The present study entitled “Nursery and nutrient management techniques
for Mechanized System of Rice Intensification (MSRI)” for Southern agro
climatic zone of Andhra Pradesh was conducted on clay loam soil during rabi,
2014-15 and 2015-16 in two stages viz., nursery management and crop management
with an objective of standardizing bedding material for tray nursery technique in
rice and for optimizing the nutrient requirement under Mechanized System of Rice
Intensification (MSRI). Experiment on nursery management was carried out at
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati campus of Acharya N.G. Ranga
Agricultural University and experiment on crop management was conducted at
farmer’s field of Sri P. Damodar Reddy located at K.C. Peta village of Tirupati
mandal of Chittoor district.
Experiment on nursery management was conducted with treatments consisting
of four bedding materials (soil alone, soil : farm yard manure, soil : vermicompost
and soil : pressmud cake in the ratio of 70 : 30) and five foliar applications (control,
urea @ 0.5%, DAP @ 0.5%, 19-19-19 @ 0.5% and 13-00-45 @ 0.5%) tested in
RBD with factorial concept, replicated thrice.
The bedding material comprised of soil with pressmud cake in 70 : 30 ratio
recorded significantly better seedling shoot length, root length, dry matter
production and seedling vigour index over soil with farmyard manure and soil
alone as bedding materials but, comparable to soil with vermicompost at 13 and 16
DAS and the lowest seedling vigour index was recorded with soil alone as bedding
material during both the years of study. Foliar sprays and their interaction with
xviii
bedding materials recorded non significant differences with growth parameters
(seedling shoot length, root length and dry matter production) at 13 and 16 DAS.
However, better growth parameters were recorded numerically with the foliar
application of urea @ 0.5% as compared to other foliar applications.
Experimental site of crop management experiment was geographically
situated at an altitude of 182.9 m above mean sea level at 13032'0'' N latitude and
79o24'25'' E longitude in Southern agro climatic zone of Andhra Pradesh. The soil
was clay loam in texture, slightly alkaline in reaction (pH 7.9 and 8.0) with normal
electrical conductivity (0.92 and 1.06 dS m-1
), medium in organic carbon (0.51%
and 0.54%), low in available nitrogen (216 and 228 kg ha-1
), high in available
phosphorus (82 and 96 kg ha-1
) and potassium (438 and 516 kg ha-1
).
Experiment on crop management was laid out in randomized block design
with factorial concept with 4 nitrogen levels (80, 120, 160 and 200 kg N ha-1
) and
3 phosphorus levels (40, 60 and 80 kg P2O5 ha-1
) replicated thrice. Nursery was
raised in plastic trays filled with the best bedding material of nursery management
experiment (soil and press mud cake in 70:30 ratio) and placed in raised beds.
Foliar spray of urea @ 0.5% was imposed at 10 DAS and machine transplanting
was done at a spacing of 30 cm × 13-15 cm using 16 days old seedlings of Nellore
mahsuri (NLR-34449), with Yanmar - VP8D transplanter.
The machine transplanted rice responded positively to the higher level of
nitrogen (200 kg N ha-l
) and produced significantly better growth parameters of
plant height, root length, root dry matter hill-1
, number of productive tillers m-2
,
leaf area m-2
, leaf area index and dry matter production with 200 kg N ha-1 which
was comparable with 160 kg N ha-l
and significantly superior over the lower levels
of nitrogen (80 and 120 kg N ha-l
). Lowest growth parameters were recorded with
80 kg N ha-1
. Levels of phosphorus and their interaction with nitrogen had no
significant influence on growth parameters. However, numerically better growth
parameters were recorded with 80 kg P2O5 ha-1
.
Significantly more number of panicles m-2
and panicle length were recorded
with 200 kg N ha-1 and was at par with 160 kg N ha-1 and superior over 80 and
120 kg N ha-1
. Higher number of filled grains and minimum chaffy grains panicle-1
and sterility percentage was with 200 kg N ha-1 which was at par with 160 kg N ha-1
.
Application of 120 kg N ha-1 resulted in significantly lesser number of filled grains
panicle-1
, higher sterility percentage as compared to 160 and 200 kg N ha-1 but,
comparable with 80 kg N ha-1
. Phosphorus levels and their interaction with
nitrogen had no significant influence on yield attributes during both the years.
Higher grain and straw yields were recorded with 200 kg N ha-1 which were
comparable with 160 kg N ha-1
and superior over 120 and 80 kg N ha-1
.
Significantly lowest grain and straw yield was with 80 kg N ha-1 during both the
years. Inspite of the fact that the rice could not respond to phosphorus application
and its interaction with nitrogen, due to high initial soil available phosphorus,
numerically higher grain and straw yield was with 80 kg P2O5 ha-1 which was
however comparable with 40 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1
.
xix
Application of 200 kg N ha-1
resulted in higher N, P and K uptake by grain
and straw which was at par with 160 kg N ha-1
and superior over 120 and 80 kg N ha-1
.
Uptake of NPK by grain and straw varied non significantly with phosphorus levels
and their interaction with nitrogen during both the years.
Soil chemical properties viz., pH, EC and OC were not significantly influenced
by nitrogen and phosphorus levels and their interaction. Progressive increase in
nitrogen levels increased the soil available nitrogen and decreased the soil
available P and K. Soil available N was highest with 200 kg N ha-1
, while P and K
decreased with increased N levels. Cost of cultivation, gross returns, net returns and
B:C ratio were increased with increased N levels. Application of 200 kg N ha-1
registered maximum net returns and B : C ratio, which was comparable with
160 kg N ha-1
and better over lower levels of nitrogen. Levels of phosphorus and
their interaction with nitrogen had no significant effect on gross returns, net
returns and B : C ratio.
From the investigation, it could be concluded that application of 160 kg N
ha-1
and 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 was found to be optimum for realizing higher yields and
economic returns in Southern agro climatic zone of Andhra Pradesh under
Mechanized System of Rice Intensification (MSRI)
Description
D5499
Keywords
null