EFFECT OF SEED SIZE AND ORGANIC MANURES ON GERMINATION PARAMETERS AND SEEDLING BIOMASS OF Sapindus mukorossi GAERTN
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Date
2011
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Publisher
UHF,NAUNI,SOLAN
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The present study entitled “Effect of seed size and organic manures on germination parameters
and seedling biomass of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.” was carried out in the experimental field of the
Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry,
Nauni, Solan (HP) during 2009-10.The study was undertaken in two experiments 1) effect of seed size
and pre-sowing treatments on germination and nursery parameters of Sapindus mukorossi ,2) effect of
various sowing depths and organic manures on growth parameters and seedling biomass of Sapindus
mukorossi. In first experiment, three seed categories viz. small, medium and large and five pre- sowing
treatments viz. T1 (control), T2 (cold water soaking for 72 hours), T3 (keeping in cow dung for 7 days),
T4 (immersion in conc. H2SO4 for 20 min followed by rinsing under running tap water), T5 (immersion
of seeds in hot water at 80oC followed by 24 hour soaking). It was found that the large seed (L3) exhibit
maximum germinability parameters viz. germination per cent (76.22 %), germination energy (43.32%)
and germination capacity (66.28 %). Among treatments,T4 was found to be best in germinability
parameters viz. germination per cent (68.52 %) germination energy (41.48 %) and germination capacity
(74.07 %). Among interactions, L3 when treated with T4 excelled over other seed size and pre sowing
treatment combinations. In field conditions, L3 and T4 took minimum number of days taken to initiate
and complete germination and produced higher germination per cent and seedling growth
characteristics viz. shoot and root length, collar diameter, seedling height, number of lateral roots and
seedling biomass attributes viz. shoot and root dry weight and total dry weight production. In second
experiment, graded seeds were sown at two depths viz. 1.0 cm (D1) and 1.5 cm (D2) and were applied
with control (M1), vermicompost @ 5 t/ha (M2) and vermicompost @ 10 t/ha (M3), FYM @5 t/ha
(M4) and FYM @ 10 t/ha (M5). Germinability parameters viz. number of day taken to initiate/complete
germination significantly influenced by seed size categories and sowing depth but not influenced by
application of different doses of organic manure. The growth parameter of soapnut was observed at
monthly intervals of 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after sowing. The growth and seedling biomass parameter
like shoot length, root length seedling height, collar diameter; number of lateral roots, shoot dry weight,
root dry weight and total biomass were significantly related to seed size, sowing depth and application
of different organic manure doses. Among seed size categories, large seed (L3) produced higher growth
and biomass parameters, among sowing depths, D1 showed better results as compared D2. The
effectiveness of organic manures was in the order of vermicompost @10 t/ha > FYM @ 10t/ha >
vermicompost @ 5 t/ha > FYM @ 5t/ha > control (no manure).
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Keywords
sowing, intercropping, wheats, tillage equipment, seed drilling, crops, mustard, fertilizers, land resources, chickpeas