Detection of anthelmintic resistance against gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep and goats
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Date
2024-04, 2024-04
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Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar
Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar
Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar
Abstract
e study was conducted to evaluate the status of anthelmintic resistance in gastro intestinal nematodes (GINs) in sheep and goats at two organised farms (CSBF and UCBF) located in
Hisar, Haryana. Sheep and goats reared at these farms exhibited reduced efficacy for multiple
anthelmintics following treatments with Fenbendazole (FBZ), Closantel (CLS), Morantel (MOR), and
Ivermectin (IVM) in the Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT). The results suggested that the
overall efficacy was highest for CLS at 89.41% and 77.23% in sheep and goats, respectively, on the
14th day post-treatment, and least for FBZ at 58.73% and 64.55% in sheep and goats, respectively. The
pre-treatment faecal culture revealed Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus spp. Strongyloides spp.,
and Oesophagostomum spp.; however, in post-treatment samples, H. contortus was predominantly
observed. ED50 values of EHA demonstrated the presence of thiabendazole resistance in one sheep
farm (UCBF) and two goat farms (CSBF and UCBF). Further, the 180 infective larvae of H. contortus
from both sheep and goat farms were subjected to allele-specific PCR (As-PCR) for accurate diagnosis
of BZ resistance. The As-PCR revealed 40% homozygous resistant (rr), 46.11% heterozygous (rS), and
13.88% homozygous susceptible (SS), with the overall frequency of the resistant (r) allele being 63.5%
and for the susceptible allele (s) being 36.5%. The survey indicated that the GINs of sheep and goats on
the farms have developed multiple anthelmintic resistance to FBZ, CLS, MOR, and IVM, and the
condition is alarming on the farm.
e study was conducted to evaluate the status of anthelmintic resistance in gastro intestinal nematodes (GINs) in sheep and goats at two organised farms (CSBF and UCBF) located in Hisar, Haryana. Sheep and goats reared at these farms exhibited reduced efficacy for multiple anthelmintics following treatments with Fenbendazole (FBZ), Closantel (CLS), Morantel (MOR), and Ivermectin (IVM) in the Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT). The results suggested that the overall efficacy was highest for CLS at 89.41% and 77.23% in sheep and goats, respectively, on the 14th day post-treatment, and least for FBZ at 58.73% and 64.55% in sheep and goats, respectively. The pre-treatment faecal culture revealed Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus spp. Strongyloides spp., and Oesophagostomum spp.; however, in post-treatment samples, H. contortus was predominantly observed. ED50 values of EHA demonstrated the presence of thiabendazole resistance in one sheep farm (UCBF) and two goat farms (CSBF and UCBF). Further, the 180 infective larvae of H. contortus from both sheep and goat farms were subjected to allele-specific PCR (As-PCR) for accurate diagnosis of BZ resistance. The As-PCR revealed 40% homozygous resistant (rr), 46.11% heterozygous (rS), and 13.88% homozygous susceptible (SS), with the overall frequency of the resistant (r) allele being 63.5% and for the susceptible allele (s) being 36.5%. The survey indicated that the GINs of sheep and goats on the farms have developed multiple anthelmintic resistance to FBZ, CLS, MOR, and IVM, and the condition is alarming on the farm.
e study was conducted to evaluate the status of anthelmintic resistance in gastro intestinal nematodes (GINs) in sheep and goats at two organised farms (CSBF and UCBF) located in Hisar, Haryana. Sheep and goats reared at these farms exhibited reduced efficacy for multiple anthelmintics following treatments with Fenbendazole (FBZ), Closantel (CLS), Morantel (MOR), and Ivermectin (IVM) in the Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT). The results suggested that the overall efficacy was highest for CLS at 89.41% and 77.23% in sheep and goats, respectively, on the 14th day post-treatment, and least for FBZ at 58.73% and 64.55% in sheep and goats, respectively. The pre-treatment faecal culture revealed Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus spp. Strongyloides spp., and Oesophagostomum spp.; however, in post-treatment samples, H. contortus was predominantly observed. ED50 values of EHA demonstrated the presence of thiabendazole resistance in one sheep farm (UCBF) and two goat farms (CSBF and UCBF). Further, the 180 infective larvae of H. contortus from both sheep and goat farms were subjected to allele-specific PCR (As-PCR) for accurate diagnosis of BZ resistance. The As-PCR revealed 40% homozygous resistant (rr), 46.11% heterozygous (rS), and 13.88% homozygous susceptible (SS), with the overall frequency of the resistant (r) allele being 63.5% and for the susceptible allele (s) being 36.5%. The survey indicated that the GINs of sheep and goats on the farms have developed multiple anthelmintic resistance to FBZ, CLS, MOR, and IVM, and the condition is alarming on the farm.