EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF BIOSTIMULANTS AND SILICON ON FRUIT SETTING, YIELD AND QUALITY OF MANGO (Mangifera indica L.) CV. KESAR 3636
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Date
2022-10
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JAU JUNAGADH
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Effect of foliar application of
biostimulants and silicon on fruit setting, yield and quality of mango (Mangifera
indica L.) cv. Kesar” was carried out at Fruit Research Station, Sakkarbaug, College
of Horticulture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh during the year 2020-21
and 2021-22. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with
Factorial concept (FRBD) consisting two factors with three replications. The
treatment comprised with biostimulants viz., without biostimulant, humic acid (1.5
%), panchagavya (3 %), seaweed extract (0.2 %), novel organic liquid fertilizer (2 %)
and silicon viz., without silicon, potassium silicate (0.2 %) and orthosilicic acid (0.2
%).
The results pertaining to yield and yield attributing and physical parameters
with respect to biostimulants indicated significantly maximum number of fruits at
grain (71.67, 70.75 and 71.21), pea (15.77, 14.62 and 15.19) and marble stage (4.83,
3.89 and 4.36), fruits at pea (21.96, 20.57 and 21.27 %) and marble stage (6.70, 5.47
and 6.09 %), fruit retention at harvesting (2.13, 1.93 and 2.03 %), minimum fruit drop
at pea (78.05, 79.43 and 78.74 %) and marble stage (93.29, 94.54 and 93.91 %),
lowest no. of nubbins per 100 fruits at pea (19.52, 21.31 and 20.42) and marble stage
(9.78, 11.57 and 10.67), maximum number of fruits per tree (236.34, 191.09 and
213.71), fruit yield (54.87, 46.69 and 50.78 kg/tree) and fruit yield (15.25, 12.98 and
14.12 t/ha), maximum fruit length (10.51, 10.69 and 10.60 cm), fruit breadth (6.64,
6.71 and 6.67 cm), fruit weight (229.68, 239.48 and 234.58 g), pulp weight (172.23,
179.50 and 175.87 g) and pulp: stone ratio (5.16, 5.15 and 5.16) was recorded with
the foliar application of humic acid 1.5 % during both the years as well as in pooled
analysis, respectively.
In biochemicals and quality parameters maximum TSS (23.29, 23.55 and
23.42 ºBrix), ascorbic acid (48.81, 49.19 and 49.00 mg/100 g), total sugar (15.35,
15.40 and 15.38 %), reducing sugar (5.31, 5.45 and 5.38 %) and minimum acidity
Abstract
(0.210, 0.207 and 0.208 %), maximum fruit firmness (4.41, 4.54 and 4.47 kg/cm2
),
marketable fruits (20.91, 21.56 and 21.24 %), shelf life (13.32, 13.42 and 13.37 days).
minimum physiological loss in weight (13.27, 12.85 and 13.06 %) and spoilage
(82.06, 81.78 and 81.92 %) was recorded under the foliar application of humic acid
1.5 % during the year 2020-21, 2021-22 and in pooled analysis, respectively.
However, different biostimulants had non-significant effect on non-reducing sugar of
fruit during individual years and in pooled data.
Among the various silicon foliar application of potassium silicate 0.2 % was
registered with maximum number of fruits at grain (70.73, 69.78 and 70.25), pea
(14.81, 13.65 and 14.23) and marble stage (4.48, 3.69 and 4.08), fruits at pea (20.86,
19.57 and 20.21 %) and marble stage (6.29, 5.26 and 5.77 %), fruit retention at
harvesting (1.97, 1.73 and 1.85 %), minimum fruit drop at pea (79.12, 80.51 and
79.82 %) and marble stage (93.71, 94.75 and 94.23 %), lowest no. of nubbins per 100
fruits at pea (21.57, 23.47and 22.52) and marble stage (11.73, 13.87 and 12.80),
maximum number of fruits per tree (215.17, 175.87 and 195.52), fruit yield (49.15,
41.14 and 45.14 kg/tree) and fruit yield (13.66, 11.44 and 12.55 t/ha), maximum fruit
length (10.35, 10.43 and 10.39 cm), fruit breadth (6.56, 6.54 and 6.55 cm), fruit
weight (224.62, 227.86 and 226.24 g), pulp weight (167.57, 170.02 and 168.79 g) and
pulp: stone ratio (5.07, 5.07 and 5.07) during individual years as well as in pooled
analysis, respectively.
The study revealed the maximum TSS (22.85, 23.03 and 22.94 ºBrix), ascorbic
acid (48.12, 48.51 and 48.31 mg/100 g), total sugar (15.80, 15.84 and 15.82 %),
reducing sugar (5.01, 5.16 and 5.08 %), minimum acidity (0.219, 0.214 and 0.217 %),
maximum fruit firmness (4.21, 4.32 and 4.27 kg/cm2
), marketable fruits (16.84, 16.73
and 16.78 %), shelf life (12.78, 13.03 and 12.90 days), minimum physiological loss in
weight (13.94, 13.50 and 3.72 %) and spoilage (81.84, 81.77 and 81.81 %) was
observed in potassium silicate 0.2 % during the year 2020-21, 2021-22 and in pooled
analysis, respectively. While, variation in non-reducing sugar was observed non significant due to different application of silicon during individual years as well as in
pooled data.
In the present investigation some of the interaction effects were also found
significant. The treatment combination (B1S1) application of humic acid 1.5 % with
potassium silicate 0.2 % recorded maximum number of fruits per tree (259.26, 211.88
and 235.57), fruit yield (64.66, 56.18 and 60.42 kg/tree), fruit yield (17.97, 15.62 and
16.80 t/ha), fruit length (10.93, 11.20 and 11.06 cm), fruit breadth (6.82, 6.90 and 6.86
cm), fruit weight (247.78, 261.63 and 254.71 g), pulp weight (187.39, 197.83 and
192.61 g) and TSS (24.10, 24.51 and 24.30 ºBrix) during both the years as well as in
pooled analysis, respectively.
Among the different treatment combination, humic acid 1.5 % with potassium
silicate 0.2 % (B1S1) recorded highest net realization (₹ 6,41,568/ha) with BCR (3.23)
followed by treatment combination of panchagavya 3 % with potassium silicate 0.2 %
(B2S1) with net realization (₹ 5,46,068/ha) and BCR (3.16).
On the basis of finding of two years experiment, it can be concluded that for
improved yield and yield attributing characters, physical, biochemicals and quality
parameters as well as higher net realization can be achieved with foliar application of
humic acid 1.5 % along with potassium silicate 0.2 % at initiation of flowering, pea
and marble stage