BIOLOGY AND MORPHOMETRICS OF CIGARETTE BEETLE, Lasioderma serricorne (FABRICIUS) ON FENNEL AND CORIANDER AND ITS MANAGEMENT USING MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE WITH CO2 AND TEMPERATURE
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Date
2016
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Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur
Abstract
Investigations were carried out on “Biology and morphometrics of cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius) on fennel and coriander and its management using modified atmosphere with CO2 and temperature” during 2015-16 at Department of Entomology, S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati; Institute of Frontier Technology, RARS, Tirupati and Agricultural Research Station, Rekulakunta, Anantapuram. The durations of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th instars were 8.42, 6.90, 7.60, 7.73 days and 6.31, 6.60, 6.90, 7.93 days when insects reared on coriander and fennel, respectively. The total larval duration, pupal duration and adult longevity were shorter (27.83, 12.26 and 12.93) when insects reared on coriander than that of fennel (28.90, 12.63 and 13.19 days). The oviposition potential of the female insects reared on coriander was 62 eggs and on fennel it was 56 eggs per female. Between the two food materials tested, coriander provided the highest percent survival (73.33%) of L. serricorne, from 1st instar to pupa whereas it was 66.66 per cent on fennel. The male to female ratio was worked out to be 1:1.44 on coriander whereas on fennel it was 1:1.33. The head capsule of both 1st and 2nd instar grubs were not significantly different (0.109, 0.153 mm and 0.109, 0.157 mm) when they were reared on coriander and fennel, respectively. However, for 3rd and 4th instar grubs, the head capsule width was more (0.239 and 0.434 mm) on coriander as against the head capsule width of grubs when reared on fennel (0.227 and 0.331 mm) were statistically significant.
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The mortality response of various life stages of cigarette beetle, L. serricorne to graded CO2 concentrations revealed that among the all life stages tested, pupal stage was found to be the most tolerant followed by late instar, egg, adult, middle instar and early instar grubs. The LC50 values for egg, early instars, middle instars, late instars, pupa and adult were 32.855, 29.029, 31.842, 37.388, 41.768 and 32.526 concentrations of CO2, respectively after 24 h of exposure period. The LT50 and LT99 values at LC50 were 19.165, 18.015, 18.410, 17.977, 16.748, 19.097 h and 51.431, 39.564, 45.223, 45.637, 41.431, 43.923 h for egg, early instars, middle instars, late instars, pupa and adult, respectively. The results obtained from mortality response of various life stages of cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne exposed to various temperature levels indicated that all the life stages viz., egg, early instar, middle instar, late instar, pupa and adult were susceptible to low temperature at -5°C. Among all the life stages tested, eggs and early instars were susceptible to temperatures of 0°C and 5°C. Middle instars, late instars, pupa and adult were not susceptible to these temperatures. There was no effect on various life stages of cigarette beetle, at 15°C, 25°C and 35°C temperatures. At LTemp99 (5°C) of eggs stage of L. serricorne, LT50 and LT99 was 12.43 h and 28.54 h, respectively. At LTemp99 (5°C) of early instar grubs of L. serricorne, LT50 and LT99 was 12.09 h and 29.41 h, respectively. The LT50 and LT99 for middle instars of L. serricorne at -5°C were 45.78 and 102.54 h, respectively. The LT50 and LT99 for late instars of L. serricorne at -5°C were 66.22 and 121.54 h, respectively. The LT50 and LT99 for pupa of L. serricorne at -5°C were 85.23 and 152.60 h, respectively. At LTemp99 (-5°C) of adult L. serricorne, LT50 and LT99 was 13.56 h and 32.47 h, respectively. The results of the present investigations indicate the tolerance of various life stages of L. serricorne as; pupae > late instars > middle instars > adult > early instars > egg (most tolerant to least tolerant) to low temperatures.
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D5338
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