QUANTIFICATION OF RESISTANCE AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOYBEAN GENOTYPES IN RESPONSE TO CHARCOAL ROT.
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Date
2019-06-10
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Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra.
Abstract
The present study entitled “Quantification of resistance and characterization of soybean genotypes in response to charcoal rot.” was carried out at Department of Agricultural Botany, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during the year 2018-19 to evaluate various genotypes of soybean for charcoal rot resistance. Charcoal rot disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is one of the most damaging diseases of soybean resulting to 70 % losses and till date no immune genotype is known for the same. Various limitations inherent in field experiments may have hindered progress toward identifying new source(s) of resistance and breeding resistance in soybean. Non-field testing under semi-controlled conditions in a greenhouse or in controlled conditions in plant growth chambers may compliment or help to overcome the limitations of field-testing.
The present investigation aimed to establish in-vitro screening procedure for screening of soybean for charcoal rot resistance and identify the resistant genotype(s). Fourteen core genotypes comprising popular varieties, newly released and mutant genotypes were screened under field and in-vitro conditions. The genotypes were screened under sick-plot during Kh-2018 and in-vitro screening was carried out using blotter-paper, pot-inoculation technique, stem cut inoculation, in-vitro on leaf technique using virulent pure culture of M.phaseolina. Disease infection was scored using the scales as per the experiment and genotypes were categorized accordingly. Four genotypes including varieties viz., AMS MB 5 -18, AMS MB 5-19, AMS 77 and AMS 1001 were identified as resistant to M phaseolina in all the in-vivo and in-vitro screening.
Molecular characterization of these genotypes was done by using SSR and RGA markers. Molecular profiles revealed remarkable polymorphism and observations showed that in total 181 amplicons were tested with an average of 6.03 alleles per locus. Out of the total screened alleles 62 were monomorphic alleles with an average of 2.07 and 119 were polymorphic alleles with an average of 3.97. Results showed an average of 65.75 polymorphism percent. The PIC (Polymorphic information content) value of 30 microsatellite loci ranged from 0.29 to 0.83 with an average value of 0.69, these studies will help in mapping studies and breeding program for development of charcoal rot resistance in soybean genotypes which will be of utmost importance.
Description
Soybean being one of the important crop has got a huge scope for development. There is great potential for expansion of this crop in entire Indian plateau by creating disease resistant varieties. Charcoal rot has the potential to reduce the yield more than 70%. Therefore, development of soybean varieties resistant to charcoal rot disease is an important breeding objective and need of the hour. To facilitate breeding, it is necessary to evaluate the soybean germplasm for levels of resistance, as there is not a single known source of true resistance. In order to select germplasm for its use in breeding activities, thorough knowledge about its genetic diversity is important. Different molecular markers (SSR and RGA) can also prove to be important for development of charcoal rot resistant variety of soybean in future.
Keywords
Crops, Field crops, Glycine max, Soybean, Plant protection, Control methods, Host plant resistance, Crop improvement, Genetics, Genetic techniques, Plant Breeding, Natural selection, Biotechnology, Electrophoresis, Molecular biology, Genetic markers, In-vitro techniques, PCR, Plant Physiology, Carbohydrates, Oils, Proteins,
Citation
CHAVAN, SNEHAL VINAY (2019). Quantification of resistance and characterization of soybean genotypes in response to charcoal rot. Department of Agricultural Botany (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. M. Sc. 2019. xiii, 118p. (Unpublished).