TOXICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF CARPROFEN IN BROILER CHICKS
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Date
2013
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AAU, Anand
Abstract
The present research work was conducted on 100 day old cobb broiler chicks to study the toxicopathological effects of repeated dose (21 days) of carprofen. Broiler chicks were randomly divided into 4 different groups each containing 25 chicks. Chicks of group II to IV were given 25, 50 and 100 ppm carprofen through feed for 21 days whereas, group I was kept as control. Clinical signs, mortality, feed intake, weight gain, FGR, serum biochemical and pathomorphological studies were done. After completion of 21 days treatment, blood samples were collected for serum biochemical analysis from right jugular vein. At the end of experiment, birds were sacrificed by means of cervical dislocation. A detailed necropsy examination was performed and gross lesions were recorded. Tissue samples (liver, kidney, lung, heart, spleen and intestine) were collected in 10% neutral buffer formalin and in absolute alcohol for histopathological examination. During the experiment, extent and severity of observed symptoms varied according to the dose administered to the chicks. Dullness, lethargy, lameness, anorexia, feather plucking and uneven growth like symptoms were noticed in chicks of treatment group IV. Maximum mortality was observed in group IV (12%) followed by group III (4%) and no mortality was recorded in group II. A dose dependant reduction in body weight was observed in all the treatment groups. The mean values of Kidney: Body weight ratio was significantly (p < 0.05) increased in group III whereas, highly significant (p < 0.01) increased in group IV. There was a marginal reduction in feed ponsumption in group IV followed by group III and II. Highest FCR of 1.38 was observed in group IV followed by 1.34 in group III, 1.32 in group II and lowest 1.31 was recorded in group I at the end of experiment. The serum uric acid, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) values were significantly increased in treatment group IV. Dose dependant pathological changes in different organs exposed to carprofen at three different dose levels were observed in broiler chicks. Grossly, white chalky urate deposits of varying degree on surface of visceral organs were observed in chicks which died during experiment from treatment group IV. Histopathologically, the lesions were characterized by congestion, degeneration, necrosis, haemorrhage and deposition of uric acid crystals. Kidney was the main target organ affected. The overall lesions gave an impression that carprofen was nephrotoxic as well as hepatotoxic in nature.
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VETERINARY PATHOLOGY, A STUDY