Quality appraisal of underground waters of Karnal Block in Karnal District, Haryana
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Date
2006
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
Present study entitled “quality appraisal of under ground waters of Karnal
Block of District Karnal, Haryana” and to study the chemical composition and quality of
irrigation waters and their effect on soils physical chemical properties, irrigation water
samples were collected from 69 villages. 6 with the objectives in view 673 tubewell water
samples from 69 village of Karnal block were collected. Soil samples from (8) egith sites
irrigated with tube well water were collected and analyzed for their physical and chemical
properties.
The pH, EC, SAR and RSC in irrigation waters varied from 7.26-.24, 0.4-2.6
dSm-1, 0.989 (mmol l-1)½ and 1.8 to 25 me l-1 with mean value of 8.30, 1.13, 1.35 and 1.25
respectively.
The cations and anions vix. Ca++, Mg+, Na+, K+ CO3-, HCO3- Cl-1 and SO4-1,
in irrigation waters varied from 1-12.6, 0.5-5, 0-18.5, 0-2.4, absent, 1.8-25, 0-48 and 0.05 to
8.4 me l-1 respectively with mean value of 5.42, 2.38, 2.47, 0.22, absent, 8.30, 1.27 and 1.22
me l-1 respectively.
Dominant certion was calcium followed by sodium and Magnesium
Liteewise, in case of anions bicarbonate was the dominant anion followed by chloride and
-iiii
sulphate. NO3- and F- of irrigation waters varied from Nil-10.68 and Nil 10.00 ppm with
average value 1.63 and 0.20 ppm respectively.
In Karnal block maximum number of water underground samples (307) had
EC between 0.5 and 1.00 dSm-1 followed by EC 1.00 and 1.5 dSm-1, 270 samples.
As per Machanda (1976) classification 82, 1 and 17 per cent of waters of
Karnal block were classified under good, marginal and sodic category. As per AICRP (1989)
classification 82, 9, 8 and 1 per cent waters of Karnal block were classified under good,
alkali, Marginal alkali and Marginal saline, categories, respectively. Effect of irrigation with
high RSC waters on salt accumulation was highest at surface layer, which decreased with
increase in profile depth. Effect of higher EC of irrigation water is more pronounced in heavy
texture soils as compared to light texture soil. Significant positive correlation existed
between ECiw and EC1.2 at 1% level. SARiw and Na+ build up in the soil profile was
significantly correlated.