Screening of indica rice genotypes for shoot morphogenetic potential
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Date
2005
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
A number of commercially important rice (Oryza sativa
L.) varieties belonging to indica, scented indica and japonica groups were
compared for their callus growth and plant regeneration potential. Calli were
initiated from mature seeds and immature embryos on Murashige and
Skoog’s (1962) basal medium containing (2.5 mg/L) 2, 4-D, (560 mg/L)
proline, (300 mg/L) casein hydrolysate, (30 g/L) maltose and (3 g/L) gelrite.
Maximum per cent callus induction was obtained in varieties Taraori Basmati
(97.4%) and TNG-67 (97.3%) and minimum in Dehradun Basmati (37.9%) in
mature seed and in case of immature embryo variety, Pusa Basmati-1 (96.2%)
showed maximum per cent callus induction. Three week old calli obtained
from mature seed and immature embryo were subcultured on shoot
regeneration medium MSK [MS basal medium containing kinetin (2.0 mg/l),
NAA (0.5 mg/l) and (1%) agarose]. Remarkable variations due to genotype in
plant regeneration were observed, maximum being in Japonica variety
TNG-67 (90.6%) followed by scented Indica rice variety Pusa Basmati-1
(79.0%), Indica rice variety HKR-46 (71.7%) and minimum in Indica rice
variety HKR-120 (9.3%) in mature seed derived calli and in case of immature
embryo derived calli, maximum shoot regeneration frequency was observed in
Pusa Basmati-1 (91.3%). In general, immature embryo derived calli showed
higher shoot regeneration in comparison to mature seed derived calli. Well
developed plantlets were hardened and transferred to the soil. Efforts were
being made to further improve regeneration potential in four important Indica
rice varieties, IR-72, IR-64, PR-106 and Govind using different growth
regulators. Among the four rice varieties IR-72 consistently showed higher
shoot regeneration (48.7% to 64.5%), maximum being in MSK medium. In
IR-64, shoot regeneration frequency increased by using thidiazuron in
addition to kinetin in the regeneration medium.