Hormetic studies of 2,4-D in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and associated dicotyledonous weeds - Medicago denticulata Willd. and Rumex dentatus L.
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Date
2018
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present study entitled, “Hormetic studies of 2,4-D in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and
associated dicotyledonous weeds - Medicago denticulata Willd. and Rumex dentatus L..” was
conducted to test the effect of low doses of 2,4-D on wheat and associated dicotyledonous
weeds. Low concentrations of 2,4-D failed to accelerate either germination or seedling growth of
Triticum aestivum and tested four weed species – Phalaris minor, Avena ludoviciana, Medicago
denticulata and Rumex dentatus. The application of 2,4-D herbicide inhibited the seed
germination and seedling growth of these weeds in a dose dependent manner with higher
concentrations being more inhibitory. Foliar applied 2,4-D in range of 5-20 g ha-1 increased the
chlorophyll content index (CCI) and chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) values in wheat as
compared to control and maximum value of CCI and Fv/Fm was recorded at 20 g/ha 2,4-D
showing hormetic effect of 2,4-D at low doses upto flag-leaf stage of crop. Wheat yield and
yield attributing parameters were not boosted significantly by low doses of 2,4-D ranging from 5
to 50 g ha-1. No significant difference between control and treated plants at harvest indicates that
growth stimulation by low doses of 2,4-D was not sustained over time. The foliar application of
2,4-D at low concentrations ranging from 5-50 g ha-1 did not exert hormetic effects in R.
dentatus and M. denticulata as application of different doses of 2,4-D led to a reduction in seed
production potential of these weeds.
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