Variability and association studies on bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under timely and late sown conditions
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Date
2018
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CCSHAU
Abstract
The present study comprised of forty bread wheat genotypes, which were grown under two environments viz. timely and late sown conditions during rabi season of 2017-18 at the Research Farm of Wheat and Barley Section, Deptt. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCSHAU, Hisar. Genotypes were grown in three replications under randomized block design. Observations on five randomly selected plants from each genotypes were recorded for, grain yield per plot (g), number of productive tillers per meter length, 1000-grain weight (g), spike length (cm), number of spikelets per spike, plant height (cm), biological yield per plot (g), harvest Index (%), flag leaf area (cm2), days to heading, days to maturity, canopy temperature depression (0C), chlorophyll fluorescence, heat susceptibility index and heat response index. The objectives of present investigation were to study variability, association and identification of promising heat tolerant genotypes. Significant variability was observed among genotypes for all the traits under both the environments. Significant reduction was observed in mean performance of the genotypes in late sown conditions for all the traits. The estimates of GCV, PCV, heritability and genetic advance were high to moderate in timely sown and late sown conditions for the traits Grain yield per plant, number of productive tillers per meter length, 1000-grain weight, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, flag leaf area, biological yield. Correlation coefficients revealed that number of productive tillers per meter length, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, 1000-grain weight, biological yield, flag leaf area, harvest index gave the positive associations with grain yield in both environments viz., normal sown and late sown. Based on heat susceptibility indices (HSI), genotypes DBW 88 (0.17), Munal (0.23), SHIR ASLAM 23 (0.24), VUGAR (0.25), WH 1142 (0.31), WH 1218 (0.39), HD2329 (0.43) and WH 283 (0.47) were found the most promising heat tolerant genotype. Based on heat response index (HRI), genotypes WH1142 (110.10), Munal (94.30), DBW88 (64.84), DBW90 (63.12), WH110 (46.32), SHIR ASLAM 23 (41.26) and WH1218 (40.49) were found heat tolerant. These results suggest that these genotypes can be used as sources of genetic material for wheat breeding Programmes. Also, stress tolerance indices like HSI, HRI and mean productivity could be used as selection criteria to identify heat tolerant genotypes.
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