Seed Deterioration and Biochemical Changes Associated with Accelerated Ageing in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
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Date
2017-07
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University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad
Abstract
Studies to determine the extent of loss in seed viability in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under accelerated ageing condition, and to identify important deteriorative processes that induce cellular debility within kernels and pods were carried at the Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during 2016-17. Two genotypes of groundnut viz., GPBD-5 and DH-86 were aged under accelerated ageing chamber (45° C and 90 % RH) up to eight days at two days interval for viability tests and biochemical analysis. The experiment was laid out in two factorial Completely Randomized Design with four replication. The results indicated a significant variations for the seed quality parameters due to accelerated ageing for different intervals. Seed deterioration was evident from losses in seed viability and vigour from (2042 to 584) i.e 71.40 %, electrolyte leakage from (0.25 to 1.56 dS m-1) i.e 16.02 %, loss in lipid content and changes in enzymes activity. An increase in lipase activity from (0.50 to 0.76 µ eq of free fatty acid released/ min) i.e 52 % and decrease in β-amylase activity from (1.46 to 0.92 µmol/min/mg of protein) i.e 36.98 % were recorded.
Other biochemical changes due to ageing include increase in total soluble sugar (107.35 to 189.20 mg/g) i.e 76.24 % and decline in total soluble protein from (159.50 to 141.50 mg/g) i.e 11.28 %. Among the two genotypes, GPBD-5 was superior over DH-86 in all the seed quality parameters and biochemical analysis due to ageing. Physiological and biochemical changes due to accelerated ageing were similar to those which can observed during natural ageing. This study can be useful for comparison and selection of genotypes for better resistance to ageing and gives a clear picture of the effect of accelerated ageing on the mode of deterioration in the seeds of groundnut genotypes when stored in pod and kernel form.