OCCURRENCE AND MANAGEMENT OF CHILLI LEAF CURL DISEASE COMPLEX
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Date
2017
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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6
Abstract
Chilli leaf curl disease complex is a major important viral disease. The crop grown in
Jharkhand usually suffers seriously from this disease. Considering the economic importance of
the disease prersent investigation has been carried out. Causing significant reduction in yield
roving survey to know the incidence of chilli leaf curl virus disease was undertaken in Chutia,
Pithoria, Bukru, Boreya and Sukurhuttu villages of Ranchi district. The survey results clearly
indicated that the incidence of disease varied from 24.55 to 75.53% depending on the season in
which the crop was grown. Incidence was low during Rabi, 2015-16 (24.55 -32.27%) and high
during Kharif, 2016 (55.42 -75.53 %).
All the plants of chilli infected with chilli leaf curl disease complex causes vein clearing
on young leaves at the early stages of infection upward curling of young and old leaves and
stunting in most cases. Curling of fruits could be seen in mature plants. Leaf curl caused by
mites shows downward curling of leaves, partial suppression of lamina near the petiolar end and
a shiny bronze colour on the lower surface of the leaves. Emerging young leaves in infected
plants become brittle narrow and thicker. Leaf curl due to thrips results upward curling of leaves
and interveinal buckling. Irregular scrapping of epidermis could also be seen. In chilli, the most
obvious symptoms caused by P. latus is progressive inward rolling of leaves in an inverted boatshaped
manner and has a shiny, silvery lining on their ventral surface, rat tailing of leaf petiole
and brittleness of foliage, buds are aborted and flowers distorted, shoots grow twisted and fruit
may be mishappen and russeted.
Among different insecticides three times soil application of Carbofuran 3G (30 Kg/ha)
recorded minimum average disease incidence (19.26%) with the highest yield of (87.78 q/ha) and
recorded maximum disease reduction over control (38.23 percent) during Rabi, 2015-16 cropping
season. In Kharif season, effect of different insecticides on leaf curl disease incidence, fruit yield
and yield attributing characters of chilli were very low in comparison to Rabi season with higher
leaf curl incidence, lower fruit yield and cost benefit ratio.
It was appearance from the evaluation of plant products/ botanical in full conditions that
plant product effectively reduce the disease as compared to control. Two sprayings of neem seed
kernel extract (NSKE) 5% was recorded to the most efficacious botanical in reducing disease
incidence (23.45 percent) coupled with highest yield (64.45 q/ha). Application of NSKE 5% @
5ml/lit was highly economical which recorded cost-benefit ratio of 1:17.13 and net returned of
Rs. 1,5543/- which recorded highest net return /ha among all the plant products.
The efficacy of integrated management on chilli leaf curl disease complex showed that
minimum disease incidence (12.58%) was recorded in treatment-2 [One time soil application of
Carbofuran 3G @ 30 Kg/ha + 2 spray of Imidacloprid @ 0.003%] with the highest disease
reduction over control (61.12%)].
Among seven varieties screened against ChLCV, none of the varieties were found free of
disease in both Rabi and Kharif seasons. Leaf curl incidence was highest during Kharif season
than Rabi season in all varieties.
The effect of varieties on yield attributing characters of chilli revealed that the variety
Pusa Jwala showed maximum mean plant height (44.14 cm), mean no. of branches/plant (5.82)
,mean no. of fruits/plant (5.69) , mean length/fruit (6.90 cm), mean breadth/fruit (0.97 cm) and
mean weight/plant (71.49 gm) in Rabi season as compared to Kharif season which has
comparatively less mean plant height (35.89 cm), mean no. of branches/plant (5.48),mean no. of
fruits/plant (4.75), mean length/fruit (5.65cm) , mean breadth/fruit (0.59 cm) and mean
weight/plant (41.26gm).
Description
OCCURRENCE AND MANAGEMENT OF CHILLI LEAF CURL DISEASE COMPLEX
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