EFFECT OF FEEDING SEABUCKTHORN CAKE (HIPPOPHAE L.) ON EGG PRODUCTION IN POULTRY AND GROWTH IN CALVES
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Date
2011-11-16
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CSKHPKV, Palampur
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Balanced and effective feeding are the most important prerequisites for economic production of
livestock and poultry. So, minimization of feed cost would be a great achievement for livestock and poultry
farmers if the unconventional but potential ingredient like Seabuckthorn (SBT) cake would be introduced as
the replacer of major protein sources, as nutritionally, SBT cake is very rich in proteins, fat, amino acids,
vitamins and minerals. Very little systematic and scientific work has been conducted to study the effects of
feeding SBT cake to the livestock and poultry. Hence, the present study was envisaged to see the effect of
replacement of CP of conventional feed of layers and calves, with that of SBT cake to evaluate biological
performances, nutrient utilization, rumen metabolites and cost benefit ratio by feeding SBT cake.
Three experiments were conducted to study the effect of SBT cake on layers and calves production.
First trial was conducted in 360 BV-300 layer chicks which were offered conventional rations in control (S0)
group and replacing 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 per cent CP by SBT cake CP. The second experiment was aimed to
study the effect of SBT cake on growth of calves where 18 calves of 4-5 months age were divided in 3
treatment groups having 6 animals in each group. The conventional CGR was offered in control group
(SBT0) and replacing 50 per cent and 75 per cent CP of the control group with the CP of SBT cake in SBT50
and SBT75 groups respectively. One more trial was conducted as a third experiment, aimed to observe the
effect of SBT cake on rumen metabolites and rumen microbial population in adult cattle. Three adult cattle
(fistulated) were maintained on three rations with a switch over design. The crude protein contents of the
basal ration (T1) were replaced with SBT cake CP at 50 (T2) and 75 (T3) per cent CP in the adult cattle ration.
The egg production, egg mass and body weight gain of layers were higher in S20 group where 20 per
cent CP of conventional concentrate was replaced with the CP of the SBT cake. FCR in respect of egg mass
as well as biological performance of the layer was found better in S20 treatment group. It was noticed that, as
the level of SBT cake increased beyond 20 per cent, the biological performance of the layers declined though
the quality traits of eggs were not affected by replacement of SBT cake at any level. It was revealed that
replacement of CP of conventional layer feed with SBT cake CP up-to 20 per cent level was economic for
layer production. Higher body weight gain and better balance of nutrient in calves was observed in SBT50
group where 50 per cent CP of the traditional CGR was replaced with the SBT cake CP. Better FCR of calves
was found in SBT50 group, hence, can be considered as the highest dose of replacement with SBT cake CP in
CGR. Higher microbial population in older calves was found in T2 group, where 50 per cent CP of the
traditional adult calves ration was replaced with the CP of SBT cake. Better rumen metabolites were also
found in the T2 group.
Looking at the results of present investigations, it could be concluded that 20 per cent CP of the
traditional concentrate ration could be replaced with the CP of SBT cake in layer birds for a viable and cost
effective egg production, whereas, 50 per cent CP of the traditional calves ration could be replaced with the
CP of SBT cake in young as well as older calves to improve the nutrient utilization efficiency for sustainable
livestock production.
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